AI Article Synopsis
- The diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) mainly relies on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but few simple tests are available to monitor disease activity over time.
- Researchers found that antibodies against a specific type of sugar-modified peptide (anti--Glc) can be detected in the blood of MS patients and may serve as useful biomarkers.
- They developed a new set of multiple-glucosylated peptide epitopes (known as -Glc MEPs) for a diagnostic test, utilizing a specific structure to enhance the detection of these antibodies efficiently in patients' serum.
Article Abstract
Diagnostics of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are essentially based on the gold standard magnetic resonance imaging. Few alternative simple assays are available to follow up disease activity. Considering that the disease can remain elusive for years, identification of antibodies fluctuating in biological fluids as relevant biomarkers of immune response is a challenge. In previous studies, we reported that anti--glucosylated (-Glc) peptide antibodies that can be easily detected in Solid-Phase Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assays (SP-ELISA) on MS patients' sera preferentially recognize hyperglucosylated adhesin of non-typeable . Since multivalency can be useful for diagnostic purposes to allow an efficient coating in ELISA, we report herein the development of a collection of Multiple -glucosylated Peptide Epitopes (-Glc MEPs) to detect anti--Glc antibodies in MS. To this aim, a series of -Glc peptide antigens to be represented in the -GlcMEPs were tested in competitive ELISA. We confirmed that the epitope recognized by antibodies shall contain at least 5-mer sequences including the fundamental -Glc moiety. Using a 4-branched dendrimeric lysine scaffold, we selected the -Glc MEP , carrying the minimal epitope Asn(Glc) anchored to a polyethylene glycol-based spacer (PEG) containing a 19-atoms chain, as an efficient multivalent probe to reveal specific and high affinity anti--Glc antibodies in MS.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7408607 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10070453 | DOI Listing |
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