Reluctant educators and self-advocates: Older trans adults' experiences of health-care services and practitioners in seeking gender-affirming services.

Background: Trans-identifying individuals experience unique barriers and challenges in negotiating health-care systems due to the cisnormative attitudes and practices which obstruct the receipt of trans-inclusive care. To date, there has been little exploration of older trans consumers' experiences of contemporary health-care services when seeking to transition medically in later life.

Objectives: Qualitative findings are presented from a study of trans ageing and trans-related health and social care needs in Wales, UK (2016-18). The objectives are to (1) examine supportive and obstructive points of interaction with health-care professionals, and (2) identify key learning messages for improving trans-related health care from the perspectives of trans-identifying adults in later life.

Design: Trans-identifying participants self-selected to take part in two interviews-a life-history interview and a semi-structured interview. Interview data were analysed thematically using the framework method approach.

Setting And Participants: This paper focuses on the accounts of 19 participants (50-74 years of age) who identified as trans and were seeking to transition medically in mid- to later life.

Results: Findings indicate how older trans patients are positioned as reluctant educators for GPs in primary care settings and illustrate the transphobic practices and cisnormative assumptions encountered across health-care interactions and systems that impede their journey of transitioning in later life.

Discussion And Conclusions: Messages from this study speak to the importance of improving professionals' knowledge of gender identity diversity across the life course and making changes at a systemic level in redressing cisnormative assumptions and systems that reinforce inequities on the basis of gender identity.