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An update on multiple breath washout in children with cystic fibrosis.
Expert Rev Respir Med
December 2024
Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene, leading to progressive lung disease and systemic complications. Lung disease remains the primary cause of morbidity and mortality, making early detection of lung function decline crucial. The Lung Clearance Index (LCI), derived from the multiple breath washout (MBW) test, has emerged as a sensitive measure for identifying early airway disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrenatal ozone exposure and child lung function: Exploring effect modification by oxidative balance score.
Int J Hyg Environ Health
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Department of Environmental Medicine & Climate Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Prenatal exposure to ozone (O) might influence child lung function, particularly through oxidative stress, and diet may play a role in modifying these effects.
- In a study of 661 women in the CANDLE cohort, no significant associations were found between prenatal O exposure and lung function; however, there were hints of adverse effects during specific fetal development periods.
- Interactions between maternal diet (OBS) and race did not consistently modify the effects of O, although some associations were noted among specific racial groups under certain dietary conditions.
Rapid Access Diagnostics for Asthma (RADicA): protocol for a prospective cohort study to determine the optimum series of investigations to diagnose asthma using conventional and novel tests.
BMJ Open
October 2024
Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection & Respiratory Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Introduction: The diagnosis of asthma is often based on characteristic patterns of symptoms in the absence of an alternative explanation, resulting in over and under diagnosis. Therefore, diagnostic guidelines usually recommend including confirmation of variable airflow obstruction. Some recommend using a sequence of objective tests; however the tests used, the specific cut-off values and the specified order are yet to be validated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt doesn't hurt as long as I don't move: Aligning pain assessment in patients with rib fractures with mobilization needed for recovery.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg
October 2024
From the Division of Trauma, Emergency General Surgery and Critical Care Surgery, Department of Surgery (Z.M.B., J.P., Y.T., L.C., A.R.-H., H.K., C.H.E., A.K., S.C., O.S., G.L., J.V., M.M., E.C.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
Background: Rib fracture pain is a major issue but likely underappreciated, given that patients avoid activity due to the pain. Pain is one criterion used to determine if someone is a candidate for surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF). The purpose of this study was to assess pain for rib fracture patients, hypothesizing pain from rib fractures is underappreciated in current practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFValidating respiratory sarcopenia diagnostic criteria by mortality based on a position paper by four professional organizations: Insights from the Otassha study.
Geriatr Gerontol Int
September 2024
Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
Aim: The Japanese Society for Respiratory Care and Rehabilitation, Japanese Association on Sarcopenia and Frailty, Japanese Society of Respiratory Physical Therapy, and Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Nutrition proposed the definition and diagnosis of respiratory sarcopenia using low respiratory muscle strength and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM; ASM/height) instead of respiratory muscle mass; however, these parameters have not been validated. This study aimed to confirm the validity of the respiratory sarcopenia definition proposed by these four professional organizations.
Methods: Participants of our cohort study in 2015 of 468 community-dwelling older people who were evaluated for sarcopenia and underwent spirometry were included in this analysis.
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