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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011997117 | DOI Listing |
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Progress on ancient DNA investigation of Late Quaternary mammals in China.
Yi Chuan
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China.
It has been more than 40 years since the beginning of exploring the genetic composition of ancient organisms from the perspective of ancient DNA. In the recent 20 years, with the development and application of high-throughput sequencing technology platforms and the improved efficiency of retrieving highly fragmented DNA molecules, ancient DNA research moved forward to a brand-new era of deep-time paleogenomics. It not only solved many controversial phylogenetic problems, enriched the migration and evolution details of various organisms including humans, but also launched exploration of the molecular responses to climate changes in terms of "whole genomic-big data-multi-species" level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShrub cover declined as Indigenous populations expanded across southeast Australia.
Science
November 2024
School of Culture, History, and Language, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Wildfires in forests are becoming more frequent and intense worldwide due to climate change and human management practices.
- * Indigenous populations in southeastern Australia historically used fire, which helped reduce shrub cover by 50% during the Holocene era.
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Trait networks: Assessing marine community resilience and extinction recovery.
iScience
October 2024
School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Extensive global habitat degradation and the climate crisis are tipping the biosphere toward a "sixth" mass extinction and marine communities will not be spared from this catastrophic loss of biodiversity. The resilience of marine communities following large-scale disturbances or extinction events is mediated by the life-history traits of species and their interplay within communities. The presence and abundance of traits in communities provide proxies of function, but whether the breakdown of their associations with species loss can delineate functional loss remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep-time origin of tympanic hearing in crown reptiles.
Curr Biol
November 2024
Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- - The transition of tetrapods to terrestrial ecosystems around 375 million years ago marked a significant evolutionary step, driven by adaptations like the development of a tympanic ear that improved sound detection in air.
- - Earlier theories claimed a single evolutionary origin for the tympanic ear in tetrapods, but recent studies indicate it evolved independently in amphibians, mammals, and reptiles, though it’s unclear how many times this occurred within reptiles.
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Accumulation of rare earth elements in human gallstones: a perspective from dietary and human health.
BMC Gastroenterol
September 2024
Digestive Endoscopic Center, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines the presence and distribution of rare earth elements (REEs) in gallstones, which has not been previously researched, to understand their potential link to environmental factors and human health risks.
- A total of 25 gallstone samples were analyzed from Shanghai using advanced testing methods, revealing REE concentrations that vary widely and suggesting contamination from environmental or dietary sources.
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