Background/aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the association between PM, its sources, and preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA) in a large open residential cohort (Supersito Project in the Emilia-Romagna Region - Northern Italy).
Methods: We collected 2012-2014 pregnancy and childbirth data from Birth Assistance Certificates and selected the pregnancies of interest. PTBs (gestational age < 37 weeks), LBW (weight < 2500 g), and SGA (newborns weighing ≤ 10th age and pregnancy week-specific percentile) were considered. Three-year measurements of daily concentrations and constituents of PM were available at four sites and were analyzed through a source apportionment approach identifying 6 sources (traffic, biomass burning, oil combustion, anthropogenic mix, and two secondary factors). Exposure to PM and sources was calculated at address level. Using logistic regression models, associations between exposure and outcomes were derived, applying single-pollutant and two-pollutant models, to verify the independent effect of each source.
Results: The study included 23,708 neonates born to 23,415 women, among whom 1,311 PTB, 424 LBW, and 1,354 SGA occurred. PTB was the only outcome associated with PM mass (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.002-1.058 per 1 μg/m). Traffic, oil combustion and secondary sulfates and organics showed independent effects on PTB. Exposure to secondary nitrates was associated with a lower risk of PTB. There was no association between LBW or SGA and source-specific PM components or the residual PM related to all other sources.
Conclusion: This study found an association between PTB and PM. Traffic, secondary sulfates, and organic and oil combustion were the sources with most consistent association.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109564 | DOI Listing |
Food Sci Nutr
December 2023
Agricultural Transformation Agency Addis Ababa Ethiopia.
Environ Pollut
November 2023
College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
PM is the main component of haze, and PM-bound heavy metals (PBHMs) can induce various toxic effects via inhalation. However, comprehensive macroanalyses on large scales are still lacking. In this study, we compiled a substantial dataset consisting of the concentrations of eight PBHMs, including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, across different cities in China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemosphere
October 2023
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China. Electronic address:
Contamination and risk assessments generally ignore the potential bias in results caused by the variation of background values at different spatial scales due to the spatial heterogeneity of sediments. This study aims to perform quantitative source-ecological risk assessment via establishing geochemical baselines values (GBVs) of heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) in Daya Bay, China. Cumulative frequency distribution (CFD) curves determined the GBVs of 12.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEar Hear
November 2023
NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Objectives: The York Binaural Hearing-Related Quality of Life questionnaire is a condition-specific preference-based instrument sensitive to advantages of binaural over monaural hearing. Respondents use 5-point scales to report the difficulty experienced with three dimensions of listening that are easier or more successful when hearing is binaural: understanding speech in spatially separated noise, localizing sources of sound in azimuth, and the associated effort and fatigue. Previously, a preference value was estimated for each combination of dimension and level so that a value of binaural utility could be assigned to a respondent to inform analyses of cost effectiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Clim Atmos Sci
May 2023
Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201 Republic of Korea.
Various shipping emissions controls have recently been implemented at both local and national scales. However, it is difficult to track the effect of these on PM levels, owing to the non-linear relationship that exists between changes in precursor emissions and PM components. Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF) identifies that a switch to cleaner fuels since January 2020 results in considerable reductions in shipping-source-related PM, especially sulphate aerosols and metals (V and Ni), not only at a port site but also at an urban background site.
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