Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of and Isolates in Canadian Broiler Chickens and Their Products.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate AMR in generic and recovered from broiler chickens in Canada. To do this, an analysis of the antimicrobial susceptibility results was performed on a sample of generic and isolates from the 2012 to 2013 national microbiological baseline study in broiler chicken. Of the 1135 generic isolates tested, 940 (82.8%) were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, with a large number of unique AMR profiles observed. Of the 1495 isolates tested, 879 (58.8%) were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. Resistance was most common to aminoglycosides, β-lactams, and tetracyclines and, for generic isolates only, folate inhibitors. Differences in AMR patterns were observed across regions for both and . For , the levels of resistance were similar across the different sectors sampled along the food chain (e.g., slaughterhouse and retail) and the types of product sampled. There were also considerable differences in the levels and patterns of resistance among different serovars, with most Enteritidis isolates being susceptible to all antimicrobials tested.