Background: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is one of the most important complications following vitreoretinal surgery. So far, surgical strategies have been the gold standard in treatment. Pharmacological approaches for prevention and treatment of PVR are under clinical investigation and intervene in different phases of the PVR cascade.
Methods: The relevant literature as well as own data and experience with PVR are discussed in this review article. The most important aspects of pharmacological approaches for PVR prophylaxis and treatment are explained.
Results: A prophylactic use of systemic prednisone administration as an anti-inflammatory substance showed contradictory results, while there was no additional benefit for intravitreal triamcinolone. Orally administered isotretinoin also seems to be able to minimize the formation of PVR after retinal reattachment surgery, whereas there was no improvement in the success rate in established PVR. Cell proliferation inhibitors have already been extensively studied. The combined intravitreal prophylactic approach of 5‑fluorouracil and low molecular weight heparin was recently further investigated in a multicenter, placebo-controlled study and showed a positive effect in some studies. New preclinical and experimental approaches include the inhibition of growth factors, modulation of integrin activity and the induction of apoptosis.
Conclusion: Most clinical studies dealt with an anti-inflammatory or antiproliferative approach. So far, no pharmacological substance has been established for the treatment of PVR but there are promising approaches for prophylaxis.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00347-020-01173-8 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Transurethral resection of the prostate across continents: a meta-analysis evaluating quality of gold standard in the twenty-first century.
World J Urol
January 2025
Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St #2107, 15th Floor, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
Purpose: To compare outcomes of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) across different regions worldwide over the past two decades.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials indexed to PubMed that assessed TURP. A total of 102 studies with 8,454 patients were included and grouped by continents: Europe, Asia, Africa, and Others (North America, South America, and Australia).
Prostatic Artery Embolization in Elderly Comorbid Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Safety, Efficacy, and Predictive Factors of Clinical Failure.
J Pers Med
January 2025
Urology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34126 Trieste, Italy.
: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) in elderly, multimorbid patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Additionally, it seeks to identify technical and clinical factors that predict clinical failure at the mid-term follow-up. : We analyzed the clinical records of 175 consecutive patients who underwent PAE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle-cell RNA sequencing elucidates cellular plasticity in esophageal small cell carcinoma following chemotherapy treatment.
Front Genet
January 2025
Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCCE) is a rare and aggressively progressing malignancy that presents considerable clinical challenges.Although chemotherapy can effectively manage symptoms during the earlystages of SCCE, its long-term effectiveness is notably limited, with theunderlying mechanisms remaining largely undefined. In this study, weemployed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze SCCE samplesfrom a single patient both before and after chemotherapy treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring novel immunotherapy in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Is targeting TIGIT an answer?
Esophagus
January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a prevalent and highly lethal malignancy in Asia. Recent advancements in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have markedly transformed the systemic therapy landscape for ESCC. Anti-PD-1-based combination with chemotherapy or with ipilimumab, an anti-CTLA-4 antibody, have been established as the new standard first-line treatments for patients with advanced ESCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTangential Versus Segmental Portomesenteric Venous Resection During Pancreatoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Cancer: An International Multicenter Cohort Study on Surgical and Oncological Outcome.
Ann Surg
January 2025
Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Objective: To investigate whether tangential versus segmental portomesenteric venous resection (PVR) impacts surgical and oncological outcome in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer with portomesenteric vein (PMV) involvement.
Summary Background Data: Current comparative studies on tangential versus segmental PVR as part of pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer include all degrees of PMV involvement, including cases where tangential PVR may not be a feasible approach, limiting the clinical applicability.
Methods: International retrospective study in 10 centers from 5 countries, including all consecutive patients after pancreatoduodenectomy with PVR for pancreatic cancer with ≤180° PMV involvement on cross-sectional imaging at diagnosis (2014-2020).
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!