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Canonical ligand-dependent and non-canonical ligand-independent EphA2 signaling in the eye lens of wild-type, knockout, and aging mice.
Aging (Albany NY)
October 2024
School of Optometry and Vision Science Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Disruption of Eph-ephrin bidirectional signaling leads to human congenital and age-related cataracts, but the mechanisms for these opacities in the eye lens remain unclear. Eph receptors bind to ephrin ligands on neighboring cells to induce canonical ligand-mediated signaling. The EphA2 receptor also signals non-canonically without ligand binding in cancerous cells, leading to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarlequin sign due to an upper thoracic paravertebral lesion. A systematic review of the literature.
J Clin Neurosci
November 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Harlequin syndrome (HS) is a rare condition that results in uneven flushing and sweating, often due to issues with the sympathetic nervous system. When it's linked to external damage, it's called Harlequin Sign.
- *In a systematic review of the literature, researchers analyzed 1,538 studies, finding 8 case reports of Harlequin Sign associated with upper thoracic paravertebral lesions, primarily in middle-aged females.
- *The study identified that symptoms like hemifacial flushing and anhidrosis were common, and while CT scans were mainly used for diagnosis, surgical intervention was only successful in resolving symptoms for a quarter of the patients.
Injection Medialization in Infants with Vocal Fold Immobility Improves Dysphagia.
Laryngoscope
October 2024
Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
Background: Unilateral vocal fold immobility (VFI) is a known cause of morbidity amongst children following congenital heart surgery. Injection medialization (IM) provides medial distraction and improves glottic closure. Limited objective data is available for the effect of IM in young children (<2 years-old) with VFI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIris Heterochromia in Acquired Horner Syndrome Following Surgical Excision of Parapharyngeal Neuroblastoma.
Child Neurol Open
December 2023
Department of Ophthalmology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
This report describes an infant who developed iris heterochromia 2 years after presenting at age 2 months with acquired Horner syndrome following excision of a parapharyngeal neuroblastoma. Iris heterochromia is classically associated with congenital, not acquired, Horner syndrome due to a disruption of the oculosympathetic pathway early in life that alters iris melanocyte migration, leading to an ipsilateral lighter colored iris compared to the fellow iris. In the case reported here, the disruption to the oculosympathetic pathway occurred so early in life that normal iris melanocyte migration was impacted on the affected side, leading to eventual iris heterochromia that was noted almost 2 years later.
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