Significance: Photoacoustic (PA) tomography has demonstrated versatile biomedical applications. However, an array-based PA computed tomography (PACT) system is complex and expensive, whereas a single-element detector-based scanning PA system is too slow to detect some fast biological dynamics in vivo. New PA imaging methods are sought after.
Aim: To overcome these limitations, we developed photoacoustic topography through an ergodic relay (PATER), a novel high-speed imaging system with a single-element detector.
Approach: PATER images widefield PA signals encoded by the acoustic ergodic relay with a single-laser shot.
Results: We applied PATER in vivo to monitor changes in oxygen saturation in a mouse brain and also to demonstrate high-speed matching of vascular patterns for biometric authentication.
Conclusions: PATER has achieved a high-speed temporal resolution over a large field of view. Our results suggest that PATER is a promising and economical alternative to PACT for fast imaging.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.25.7.070501 | DOI Listing |
Entropy (Basel)
May 2024
School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
A hybrid satellite-terrestrial relay network is a simple and flexible solution that can be used to improve the performance of land mobile satellite systems, where the communication links between satellite and mobile terrestrial users can be unstable due to the multipath effect, obstacles, as well as the additional atmospheric losses. Motivated by these facts, in this paper, we analyze a system where the satellite-terrestrial links undergo shadowed Rice fading, and, following this, terrestrial relay applies the selection relaying protocol and forwards the information to the final destination using the communication link subjected to Nakagami- fading. For the considered relaying protocol, we derive the exact closed-form expressions for the outage probability, outage capacity, and ergodic capacity, presented in polynomial-exponential form for the integer-valued fading parameters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper investigates the performance of interference-limited and interference-free dual-hop mixed radio frequency (RF)/free space optical (FSO) systems with partial relay selection (PRS) for the variable-gain (VG) amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying scenario. We concentrate on the generalized channel model that not only describes different application scenarios but also allows a more accurate description of the channel characteristics. Specifically, the PRS-aided RF link is modeled by the κ-μ shadowed distribution, and the FSO link is expressed in terms of Fox's H-function, which unifies Fisher-Snedecor , Gamma-Gamma (GG), and Malága () distributions for atmospheric turbulence along with pointing errors and detection modes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
June 2023
Department of Data Science, Korea National University of Transportation (KNUT), Uiwang-si 16106, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Internet of Things (IoT) systems cooperative with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been put into use for more than ten years, from transportation to military surveillance, and they have been shown to be worthy of inclusion in the next wireless protocols. Therefore, this paper studies user clustering and the fixed power allocation approach by placing multi-antenna UAV-mounted relays for extended coverage areas and achieving improved performance for IoT devices. In particular, the system enables UAV-mounted relays with multiple antennas together with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to provide a potential way to enhance transmission reliability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
June 2023
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
In a multicell environment, the half-duplex (HD) relaying is prone to inter-relay interference (IRI) and the full-duplex (FD) relaying is prone to relay residual-interference (RSI) and relay-to-destination interference (RDI) due to Next Generation Node B (gNB) traffic adaptation to different backhaul subframe configurations. IRI and RDI occur in the downlink when a relay is transmitting on its access link and interfering with the reception of a backhaul link of another victim relay. While the simultaneous transmission and reception of the FD relay creates the RSI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
April 2023
Autonomous Systems and Sensor Technologies Research Group, Department of Technology Systems, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
We propose and investigate a bidirectional device-to-device (D2D) transmission scheme that exploits cooperative downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) (termed as BCD-NOMA). In BCD-NOMA, two source nodes communicate with their corresponding destination nodes via a relaying node while exchanging bidirectional D2D messages simultaneously. BCD-NOMA is designed for improved outage probability (OP) performance, high ergodic capacity (EC) and high energy efficiency by allowing two sources to share the same relaying node for data transmission to their corresponding destination nodes while also facilitating bidirectional D2D communications exploiting downlink NOMA.
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