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Varicella-zoster virus meningitis with hypoglycorrhachia, presenting with painless occipital herpes zoster mimicking atopic dermatitis.
BMJ Case Rep
January 2025
General Internal Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a known cause of meningoencephalitis, typically in immunocompromised inpatients. We report a case of meningitis caused by VZV in an immunocompetent man in his 20s. Diagnosis was delayed due to the atypical presentation of painless occipital zoster mimicking atopic dermatitis, and the presence of hypoglycorrhachia in his cerebrospinal fluid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA fatal case of enterovirus A71-induced meningoencephalitis following allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
J Infect Chemother
January 2025
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a major pathogen responsible for hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in infants and children. EV-A71 infection represents an epidemic in the Asia-Pacific region, and can cause serious central nervous system (CNS) infections in immunocompromised patients that can result in paralysis, disability, or death. There have been few reports in the literature concerning EV-A71 CNS infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in adult patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDural perforation and life-threatening central nervous system complications associated with septic arthritis of the lumbar facet joint: illustrative case.
J Neurosurg Case Lessons
January 2025
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Iwate Prefecture, Japan.
Background: Septic arthritis of the lumbar facet joint (SALFJ) is a rare condition that can lead to serious complications. The authors present an uncommon case in which SALFJ resulted in bacterial meningitis (BM) with hydrocephalus and pyogenic ventriculitis, causing a disturbance of consciousness. Reports describing perforation of the dura mater by an epidural abscess are rare, and the present case offers valuable insights into the management of complex and severe complications arising from SALFJ.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeparin-Binding Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Biomarker for Bacterial Meningitis: A Study of Diagnostic Accuracy.
Ann Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of heparin-binding protein (HBP) in cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis in patients with a suspected central nervous system infection.
Methods: This prospective multicenter cohort study determined the diagnostic accuracy of HBP in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for bacterial meningitis among a cohort of consecutive patients with a suspected central nervous infection. The final clinical diagnosis was considered the reference standard.
Multidisciplinary Approaches and Molecular Diagnostics in New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial CNS Infections in the ICU: A Case Report.
Cureus
December 2024
Medical Emergency Unit, Unidade Local de Saúde de São José, Lisbon, PRT.
The diagnosis and management of complex neurological conditions such as New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) and central nervous system (CNS) infections caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pose substantial difficulties in intensive care units (ICUs). This article combines a case report and a literature review that explores the diagnostic dilemmas and therapeutic strategies for these critical conditions. We report the case of an 83-year-old female with chronic granulomatous meningitis secondary to NTM, presenting a challenging diagnostic and complex management complexity typical of such a rare disease through a period time of five years.
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