BackgroundAlgorithms for predicting infection with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) on hospital admission or in patients with bacteraemia have been proposed, aiming to optimise empiric treatment decisions.AimWe sought to confirm external validity and transferability of two published prediction models as well as their integral components.MethodsWe performed a retrospective case-control study at University Hospital Basel, Switzerland. Consecutive patients with ESBL-producing or isolated from blood samples between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2016 were included. For each case, three non-ESBL-producing controls matching for date of detection and bacterial species were identified. The main outcome measure was the ability to accurately predict infection with ESBL-PE by measures of discrimination and calibration.ResultsOverall, 376 patients (94 patients, 282 controls) were analysed. Performance measures for prediction of ESBL-PE infection of both prediction models indicate adequate measures of calibration, but poor discrimination (area under receiver-operating curve: 0.627 and 0.651). History of ESBL-PE colonisation or infection was the single most predictive independent risk factor for ESBL-PE infection with high specificity (97%), low sensitivity (34%) and balanced positive and negative predictive values (80% and 82%).ConclusionsApplying published prediction models to institutions these were not derived from, may result in substantial misclassification of patients considered as being at risk, potentially leading to wrong allocation of antibiotic treatment, negatively affecting patient outcomes and overall resistance rates in the long term. Future prediction models need to address differences in local epidemiology by allowing for customisation according to different settings.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.26.1900317 | DOI Listing |
J Transl Med
December 2024
Medical Cosmetic Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China.
Objective: The evaluation of the efficacy of immunotherapy is of great value for the clinical treatment of bladder cancer. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), pathway analysis and multi-omics analysis have shown great potential in the field of cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Methods: A GNNs model was constructed to predict the immunotherapy response and identify key pathways.
Genome Med
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
Background: CRISPR is widely used to silence genes by inducing mutations expected to nullify their expression. While numerous computational tools have been developed to design single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) with high cutting efficiency and minimal off-target effects, only a few tools focus specifically on predicting gene knockouts following CRISPR. These tools consider factors like conservation, amino acid composition, and frameshift likelihood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Eng Online
December 2024
Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
Purpose: This study aims to accurately predict the effects of hormonal therapy on prostate cancer (PC) lesions by integrating multi-modality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the clinical marker prostate-specific antigen (PSA). It addresses the limitations of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in capturing long-range spatial relations and the Vision Transformer (ViT)'s deficiency in localization information due to consecutive downsampling. The research question focuses on improving PC response prediction accuracy by combining both approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Med Inform Decis Mak
December 2024
Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No 438 North Jiefang Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu Province, China.
Background: Hypoglycaemia is one of the most common complications during the neonatal period. Recurrent hypoglycaemia episodes can result in neurodevelopmental deficits and even sudden death. Available evidence indicates that healthcare professionals ought to promptly assess the risk of hypoglycaemia in newborns immediately following birth and formulate the most suitable preventive strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pregnancy Childbirth
December 2024
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Background: Premature rupture of the membrane (PROM), refers to rupture of the fetal membranes prior to the onset of regular uterine contractions. When this occurs at term (≥ 37 weeks of gestation), it is classified as PROM, whereas if it occurs before 37 weeks, it is termed preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). PROM and PPROM are linked to adverse outcomes for both mother and newborn.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!