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Macromolecule Modelling for Improved Metabolite Quantification Using Short Echo Time Brain H-MRS at 3 T and 7 T: The PRaMM Model.
NMR Biomed
January 2025
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
To improve reliability of metabolite quantification at both, 3 T and 7 T, we propose a novel parametrized macromolecules quantification model (PRaMM) for brain H MRS, in which the ratios of macromolecule peak intensities are used as soft constraints. Full- and metabolite-nulled spectra were acquired in three different brain regions with different ratios of grey and white matter from six healthy volunteers, at both 3 T and 7 T. Metabolite-nulled spectra were used to identify highly correlated macromolecular signal contributions and estimate the ratios of their intensities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGender and Age Differences in Corpus Callosum Morphology: High-Altitude Adaptations in Native Tibetan Populations.
J Craniofac Surg
December 2024
Department of Anatomy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Background And Aims: The corpus callosum is recognized as the largest interhemispheric white matter structure, coordinating distinct functions of the brain. High-altitude environments may influence the structure of the corpus callosum. This study aims to evaluate the morphologic characteristics of the corpus callosum in Tibetans residing on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau while investigating the effects of sex, age, and high-altitude exposure on its morphology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeasonal prevalence and geographical distribution of claw health in dairy cows: investigation of the causal relationship with breed.
J Dairy Sci
December 2024
Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100, Bolzano, Italy. Electronic address:
Claw disorders in dairy cattle represent a significant challenge, impacting animal welfare and farm productivity. This study investigates the prevalence, severity, and breed-specific responses of various claw lesions across 4 dairy breeds Simmental, Alpine Grey, Reggiana, and Valdostana over different seasons and regions in Italy. A total of 131 farms and 2,223 animals were evaluated, comprising 1,239 Simmental, 457 Alpine Grey, 221 Reggiana, and 306 Valdostana cows.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe design and evaluation of a bone health teaching module for secondary school students in NSW, Australia.
Health Promot J Austr
January 2025
Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney.
Issue Addressed: The growing prevalence of osteoporosis requires preventative management starting from an early age as peak bone mass is typically reached by age 30. However, current Australian adolescents are not adequately addressing key osteoprotective factors. Alarmingly, around 17% have insufficient vitamin D levels, 55% consume insufficient dietary calcium, and 79% are insufficiently active.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAxonal Selectivity of Myelination by Single Oligodendrocytes Established During Development in Mouse Cerebellar White Matter.
Glia
December 2024
Division of Histology and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Myelin formation by oligodendrocytes regulates the conduction velocity and functional integrity of neuronal axons. While individual oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths around multiple axons and control the functions of neural circuits where the axons are involved, it remains unclear if oligodendrocytes selectively form myelin sheaths around specific subtypes of axons. Using the combination of rabies virus-mediated single oligodendrocyte labeling and immunostaining with tissue clearing, we revealed that approximately half of the oligodendrocytes preferentially myelinate axons originating from Purkinje cells in the white matter of adult mouse cerebella.
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