According to Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, EFSA has reviewed the maximum residue levels (MRLs) currently established at European level for the pesticide active substance fenbutatin oxide. Although this active substance is no longer authorised within the EU due to the lack of toxicological data on di-hydroxy fenbutatin oxide, a compound observed in the metabolism studies but also present as an impurity in the technical active substance, MRLs established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CXLs) are still in place. Lacking a full toxicological characterisation of this compound, it was not possible for EFSA to perform an assessment of these CXLs and their incorporation in European legislation cannot be recommended. Nevertheless, available data allowed EFSA to propose a marker residue and a limit of quantification (LOQ) for enforcement against potential illegal uses.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.5091 | DOI Listing |
J Econ Entomol
February 2024
University of Florida, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA.
Citrus Under Protective Screen (CUPS) production system excludes the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, vector of Huanglongbing (HLB), and large predators. However, small pests and beneficial arthropods such as predatory mites may enter the CUPS. Predatory mites from the family Phytoseiidae attack several economically important pests, especially phytophagous mites common in CUPS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsect Biochem Mol Biol
June 2022
Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Burgemeester Van Gansberghelaan 96, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium. Electronic address:
The organotin acaricide fenbutatin oxide (FBO) - an inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP-synthase - has been one of the most extensively used acaricides for the control of spider mites, and is still in use today. Resistance against FBO has evolved in many regions around the world but only few studies have investigated the molecular and genetic mechanisms of resistance to organotin acaricides. Here, we found that FBO resistance is polygenic in two genetically distant, highly resistant strains of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae, MAR-AB and MR-VL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
May 2022
Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
The occurrence of organic pollutants in soil is a major environmental concern. These compounds can reach the soil in different ways. Point sources, related to pesticides that are used intentionally, can be applied directly to the soil, or reach the soil indirectly due to application to the aerial parts of crops.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess
February 2022
Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
When assessing citrus fruit quality, besides natural health-promoting compounds, attention also has to be paid to residues of chemicals used to protect fruit against various pests. A set of 49 samples of different types of citrus fruits collected at the Czech market were analysed for 460 pesticide residues using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS methods. While no residues were detected in citruses from organic farming, altogether 38 various pesticide residues were detected in conventional production samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPest Manag Sci
March 2022
Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Background: Acaricide application remains an integral component of integrated pest management (IPM) for the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae. Species and strains of phytoseiid predatory mites vary significantly in their response to acaricides. For the success of IPM, it is imperative to identify the determinants of selectivity and molecular stress responses of acaricides in predatory mites.
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