Lactobacillus paracasei alleviates genotoxicity, oxidative stress status and histopathological damage induced by Fumonisin B1 in BALB/c mice.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a prevelant mycotoxin in our alimentary chain. It was produced by the fungi of the genus Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum. FB1 was playing as a competitive inhibitor of ceramide synthase; a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of sphingolipids. Indeed, it was associated with several affects in humans and livestock animals. The aim of our report was elucidated to evaluate the protective effects of Lactobacillus paracasei BEJ01 (LP) isolated from the traditional butter of Tunisia against the FB1 genotoxicity, hematoxicity, oxidative stress and histological damage in liver and kidney of BALB/c mice. Forty old week mice were randomly divided into four treatment groups (10 mice/group): Group 1: control; Group 2: LP (2 × 10 CFU/ml ~ 2 mg/kg p.c); Group 3: FB1 (100 μg/kg p.c.); Group 4: LP (2 × 10 CFU/ml ~ 2 mg/kg p.c) + FB1 (100 μg/kg p.c.). 48 h after the end of the treatment (10 days), the mice were sacrificed and the blood, liver and kidney were collected. The blood was used for hematological and biochemical studies. Liver and kidney samples were the target for evaluation of oxidative stress enzymes status and histopathological damage. The results indicated that FB1 was induced toxicities in the blood parameters and in liver and kidney tissues as well as in the profile of oxidative stress enzymes levels. The co-treatment with LP was found able to mitigate the FB1 toxicities by reduction of its bioavailability in the gastro intestinal tract. However, treatment with LP alone was safe and no sign of toxicity was showed. In Summary, the LP strain was able to prevent FB1 toxicities and indeed it could be exploited as one of the biological strategies for foodstuffs decontamination.