AI Article Synopsis
- Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) are used in various industries but pose respiratory health risks, prompting research into their impact on allergic airway inflammation, particularly in a mouse model.
- The study involved administering TiO NPs to asthmatic and non-asthmatic female BALB/c mice and analyzing effects through various assessments, including lung function and cytokine measurement.
- Findings revealed that exposure to TiO NPs worsened inflammation and mucus production in the lungs, increased levels of certain immune cytokines, and indicated the nanoparticles were present in multiple organs, suggesting severe health implications and the need for further research.
Article Abstract
Background: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) have a wide range of applications in several industrial and biomedical domains. Based on the evidence, the workers exposed to inhaled nanosized TiO powder are more susceptible to the risks of developing respiratory diseases. Accordingly, this issue has increasingly attracted the researchers' interest in understanding the consequences of TiO NPs exposure. Regarding this, the present study was conducted to analyze the local effects of TiO NPs on allergic airway inflammation and their uptake in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation.
Methods: For the purpose of the study, female BALB/c mice with or without asthma were intranasally administered with TiO NPs. The mice were subjected to histological assessment, lung function testing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and NP uptake measurement. In addition, T helper (Th) 1/Th2 cytokines were evaluated in the lung homogenate using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: According to the results, the mice receiving OVA alone or OVA plus TiO NPs showed eosinophilic infiltrates and mucus overproduction in the lung tissues, compared to the controls. Furthermore, a significant elevation was observed in the circulating Th2 cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 after NP exposure. The TiO NPs were taken up by alveolar macrophages at different time points. As the results of the SEM and ICP-MS indicated, TiO NPs were present in most of the organs in both asthmatic and non-asthmatic mice.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the current study, intranasally or inhalation exposure to high-dose nanosized TiO particles appears to exacerbate the allergic airway inflammation and lead to systemic uptake in extrapulmonary organs. These results indicate the very important need to investigate the upper limit of intranasally or inhalation exposure to nanosized TiO particles in occupational and environmental health policy.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7331175 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12931-020-01386-0 | DOI Listing |
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