Transarterial embolization is a minimally invasive treatment for advanced liver cancer using microspheres loaded with a chemotherapeutic drug or radioactive yttrium-90 (Y) that are injected into the hepatic arterial tree through a catheter. For personalized treatment, the microsphere distribution in the liver should be optimized through the injection volume and location. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the blood flow in the hepatic artery can help estimate this distribution if carefully parameterized. An important aspect is the choice of the boundary conditions imposed at the inlet and outlets of the computational domain. In this study, the effect of boundary conditions on the hepatic arterial tree hemodynamics was investigated. The outlet boundary conditions were modeled with three-element Windkessel circuits, representative of the downstream vasculature resistance. Results demonstrated that the downstream vasculature resistance affected the hepatic artery hemodynamics such as the velocity field, the pressure field and the blood flow streamline trajectories. Moreover, the number of microspheres received by the tumor significantly changed (more than 10% of the total injected microspheres) with downstream resistance variations. These findings suggest that patient-specific boundary conditions should be used in order to achieve a more accurate drug distribution estimation with CFD in transarterial embolization treatment planning.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering7030064 | DOI Listing |
J Multidiscip Healthc
December 2024
Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou Third Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Background: Trichofolliculoma (TF) is a rare condition, and its imaging features have been inadequately studied, leading to frequent misdiagnoses in clinical practice.
Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the very high frequency (VHF) ultrasound characteristics of TF, identify features that could assist in the differential diagnosis of TF versus other benign and malignant lesions.
Methods: We collected clinical data from 24 patients with histologically confirmed TF between February 2019 and June 2024.
J Colloid Interface Sci
December 2024
Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
Hypothesis: The presence of hydrodynamic slip of water on smooth hydrophobic surfaces has been debated intensely over the last decades. In recent experiments, the stronger bounce of free-rising bubbles from smooth hydrophobic surfaces compared to smooth hydrophilic surfaces was interpreted as evidence for a significant water slip on smooth hydrophobic surfaces.
Experiments: To examine the possible water-slip effect, we conduct well-controlled experiments comparing the bouncing dynamics of millimeter-sized free-rising bubbles from smooth hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces.
Sci Rep
December 2024
School of architecture, Ocean and energy power engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
During maritime operations, extreme events such as explosions, grounding, and seal failures can cause water ingress into lubricant compartments, forming oil-water emulsions that significantly affect the lubrication performance of ship stern bearings. Existing studies mainly focus on low water content, with limited exploration of the impact of high water content on lubrication performance. To address this gap, viscosity measurements of oil-water mixtures were conducted, and an emulsification viscosity equation applicable to varying water contents was derived.
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December 2024
School of Civil Engineering, Shangqiu Lnstitute of Technology, Shangqiu, 476000, China.
Electroosmosis and surcharge preloading represent two effective soil consolidation methodologies. Their combined application has been proven to be effective in shortening the consolidation period and mitigating the degradation of electroosmotic consolidation performance due to crack generation. In this study, an axisymmetric free-strain consolidation analytical model incorporating a continuous drainage top boundary was established.
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