Prediction of Left Ventricular Mass Index Using Electrocardiography in Essential Hypertension - A Multiple Linear Regression Model.

Background: Current electrocardiography (ECG) criteria indicate only the presence or absence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). LVH is a continuum and a direct relationship exists between left ventricular mass (LVM) and cardiovascular event rate. We developed a mathematical model predictive of LVM index (LVMI) using ECG and non-ECG variables by correlating them with echocardiography determined LVMI.

Patients And Methods: The model was developed in a cohort of patients on treatment for essential hypertension (BP>140/90 mm of Hg) who underwent concurrent ECG and echocardiography. One hundred and forty-seven subjects were included in the study (56.38±11.84 years, 66% males). LVMI was determined by echocardiography (113.76±33.06 gm/m). A set of ECG and non-ECG variables were correlated with LVMI for inclusion in the multiple linear regression model. The model was checked for multicollinearity, normality and homogeneity of variances.

Results: The final regression equation formulated with the help of unstandardized coefficients and constant was =18.494+ 1.704 () + 0.969 () + 0.295 () + 15.406 () (aLL - sum of deflections in augmented limb leads; RaVL+SV3 - sum of deflection of (R wave in aVL + S wave in V3); MBP - mean blood pressure; IHD=1 for the presence of the disease, IHD=0 for the absence of the disease).

Conclusion: In the model, 50.4% of the variability in LV mass is explained by the variables used. The findings warrant further studies for the development of better and validated models that can be incorporated in microprocessor-based ECG devices. The determination of LVMI with ECG only will be a cost-effective and readily accessible tool in patient care.