ClinicalTrials.gov (CTG) provides integrated access to structured records of thousands of randomized clinical trials (RCT). CTG functionality allows download of the entire dataset in XML format for further knowledge discovery and analytics. This study represents an instructive use case of utilizing this functionality for identifying patient representation disparities in stem cell RCTs. The goal of this study was to determine the racial and ethnic composition of stem cell clinical trials and to identify potential disparities in minority representation. The clinical trial registration portal ClinicalTrials.gov was queried to identify stem cell trials and to compare their racial and ethnic composition to the US population data. Based on our analysis of 248 available trials, we have concluded that not all races and ethnicities are adequately represented in US stem cell trials; thus, concerted efforts are warranted for more inclusive representation of minorities in future stem cell trials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/SHTI200569 | DOI Listing |
Zool Res
January 2025
Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China. E-mail:
Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), characterized by profound immune system dysfunction, can lead to life-threatening infections and death. Animal models play a pivotal role in elucidating biological processes and advancing therapeutic strategies. Recent advances in gene-editing technologies, including zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), CRISPR/Cas9, and base editing, have significantly enhanced the generation of SCID models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZool Res
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock (R2BGL), Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010070, China.
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has been successfully employed across various mammalian species, yet cloned animals consistently exhibit low pregnancy rates, primarily due to placental abnormalities such as hyperplasia and hypertrophy. This study investigated the involvement of the Hippo signaling pathway in aberrant placental development in SCNT-induced bovine pregnancies. SCNT-derived cattle exhibited placental hypertrophy, including enlarged abdominal circumference and altered placental cotyledon morphology.
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January 2025
Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China.
DNA2, a multifunctional enzyme with structure-specific nuclease, 5 -to-3 helicase, and DNA-dependent ATPase activities, plays a pivotal role in the cellular response to DNA damage. However, its involvement in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains to be elucidated. This study investigated the involvement of DNA2 in cerebral I/R injury using conditional knockout (cKO) mice ( -Cre) subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), an established model of cerebral I/R.
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January 2025
Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (C.P., S.A., J.W.A., R.L., F.N., J.S., I.C.).
Background: Iron is an essential micronutrient for cell survival and growth; however, excess of this metal drives ferroptosis. Although maternal iron imbalance and placental hypoxia are independent contributors to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, the mechanisms by which their interaction impinge on maternal and placental health remain elusive.
Methods: We used placentae from normotensive and preeclampsia pregnancy cohorts, human H9 embryonic stem cells differentiated into cytotrophoblast-like cells, and placenta-specific preeclamptic mice.
Background And Aims: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a key therapeutic approach for pediatric patients with hematologic and non-hematologic disorders. However, post-transplant pulmonary complications remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) are essential for the early detection of pulmonary dysfunction, yet their application in pediatric HSCT recipients has yielded inconsistent results.
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