Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine whether celiac disease affects ovarian reserve assessed by antral follicle counting, ovarian volume, and anti-müllerian hormone in adolescent patients.
Methods: This case-control multicenter trial was performed from January 1, 2017 to May 31, 2018 and included 45 girls. On days 2-5 of the menstrual cycle, measurements of serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, prolactin, and anti-müllerian hormone were performed. Antral follicle counts and ovarian volumes were determined on the same day.
Results: Evaluation was made of 21 (47.7%) celiac patients with a mean age of 15.8 ± 1.3 years, and 24 (52.3%) healthy control subjects with a mean age of 16.2 ± 1.2. There was no difference between the groups in respect of right and left ovarian volumes (p = 0.790 and p = 0.670, respectively). Serum levels of anti-müllerian hormone of the celiac patients and controls were found comparable [(3.7 ± 2.9 (0.5-12) and 3.6 ± 1.8 (1.2-8.1)] ng/mL, respectively, p = 0.915).
Conclusions: Celiac disease may not affect the ovarian reserve determined with established ovarian reserve markers including antral follicle counting, ovarian volume, and anti-müllerian hormone in adolescent patients.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT04024449 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04024449.
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