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Hodological patterning as an organizing principle in vertebrate motor circuitry.
Front Neuroanat
January 2025
Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Hodological patterning refers to developmental mechanisms that link the location of neurons in the brain or spinal cord to specific axonal trajectories that direct connectivity to synaptic targets either within the central nervous system or in the periphery. In vertebrate motor circuits, hodological patterning has been demonstrated at different levels, from the final motor output of somatic and preganglionic autonomic neurons targeting peripheral motoneurons and ganglion cells, to premotor inputs from spinal and brainstem neuron populations targeting the somatic motoneurons and preganglionic autonomic neurons, to cortical neurons that delegate movement commands to the brainstem and spinal neurons. In many cases molecular profiling reveals potential underlying mechanisms whereby selective gene expression creates the link between location and axon trajectory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigation of the protective effects of dichloroacetic acid in a rat model of diabetic neuropathy.
BMC Pharmacol Toxicol
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Background: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a heterogeneous condition characterized by complex pathophysiological changes affecting both autonomic and somatic components of the nervous system. Inflammation and oxidative stress are recognized contributors to the pathogenesis of DN. This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of dichloroacetic acid (DCA) in alleviating DN symptoms, focusing on its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnder the surface: Low cardiac vagal tone and poor interoception in young adults with subclinical depressive symptoms.
J Affect Disord
January 2025
Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Padua Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy. Electronic address:
Introduction: Depressive symptoms are associated with alterations in central and autonomic nervous system activity, including misperception of bodily activity (e.g., low interoception), somatic symptoms and decreased vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurnout Syndrome in forensic medicine and its association with vicarious trauma, posttraumatic stress syndrome and occupational stress.
Int J Legal Med
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Sibiu, 550169, Romania.
The burnout phenomenon is a subject of considerable interest due to its impact on both employee well-being and scientific inquiry. Workplace factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic, play a pivotal role in its development, often leading to job dissatisfaction and heightened burnout risk. Chronic stress and burnout induce significant dysregulation in the autonomic nervous system and hormonal pathways, alongside structural brain changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Presence/Absence of an Awake-State Dominant EEG Rhythm in Delirious Patients Is Related to Different Symptoms of Delirium Evaluated by the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC).
Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
Department of General Medicine, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka 422-8527, Japan.
(1) Background: Delirium is a serious condition in patients undergoing treatment for somatic diseases, leading to poor prognosis. However, the pathophysiology of delirium is not fully understood and should be clarified for its adequate treatment. This study analyzed the relationship between confusion symptoms in delirium and resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum (PS) profiles to investigate the heterogeneity.
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