Spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage carries a grim prognosis in both operated and unoperated patients.

Unlabelled: Management of spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage (SCH) has been scarcely reported, and controversies still exist regarding their surgical management.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the Rambam Medical Center registry. All cases with a SCH, operated or not, were reviewed. Basic patient parameters, clinical status on admission and imaging results, management and outcome measures were evaluated. Parameters were compared between the operated and unoperated groups, and assessed for their correlation to patient death within 12 months. When operated, patients underwent Suboccipital craniectomy (SOC), insertion of an external ventricular drain (EVD) or both.

Results: 57 patients were treated for SCH in the years 2005-2017. 20 patients (35.09%) died during their original admission. 16 were discharged in non-functional status. In total, 36 patients died within 12 months of their admission. Only 21 patients (36.84%) were alive one year after their bleed. The following parameters were correlated to death in the entire cohort: older age, larger hematoma size, hydrocephalus, brainstem compression by the bleed and outcome status. The unoperated patients were younger, and had a lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission. Death within 12 months occurred in 69.77% of the operated patients, but only 42.86% of the unoperated patients, p = 0.10. Unfavorable outcome was found in 36% of the unoperated group and 72% of the operated group, p = 0.024.

Conclusion: SCH carries a grim prognosis in both operated and unoperated patients. Roughly one third of patients in our series died during their admission and another third were either vegetative or severely disabled on discharge.