AI Article Synopsis
- Existing techniques for measuring multiple ionic species lack high resolution and selectivity, making real-time monitoring challenging.
- We developed a graphene transistor technology that improves the performance of ion sensors, allowing for better resolution and easier fabrication compared to traditional methods.
- The new ion sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs) successfully measure the concentrations of multiple ions with high accuracy in real-time, including experiments in an aquarium to track mineral uptake by aquatic plants over several weeks.
Article Abstract
Real-time, high resolution, simultaneous measurement of multiple ionic species is challenging with existing chromatographic, spectrophotometric and potentiometric techniques. Potentiometric ion sensors exhibit limitations in both resolution and selectivity. Herein, we develop wafer scale graphene transistor technology for overcoming these limitations. Large area graphene is an ideal material for high resolution ion sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs), while simultaneously enabling facile fabrication as compared to conventional semiconductors. We develop the ISFETs into an array and apply Nikolskii-Eisenman analysis to account for cross-sensitivity and thereby achieve high selectivity. We experimentally demonstrate real-time, simultaneous concentration measurement of K, Na, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and Cl with a resolution of [Formula: see text] concentration units. The array achieves an accuracy of ±0.05 log concentration. Finally, we demonstrate real-time ion concentration measurement in an aquarium with lemnoideae lemna over three weeks, where mineral uptake by aquatic organisms can be observed during their growth.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7320191 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16979-y | DOI Listing |
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