The photocatalytic deoxygenation of sulfoxides to generate sulfides facilitated by either Ir[(dF(CF)ppy)(dtbbpy)]PF or -Ir(ppy) is reported. Mechanistic studies indicate that a radical chain mechanism operates, which proceeds via a phosphoranyl radical generated from a radical/polar crossover process. Initiation of the radical chain was found to proceed via two opposing photocatalytic quenching mechanisms, offering complementary reactivity. The mild nature of the radical deoxygenation process enables the reduction of a wide range of functionalized sulfoxides, including those containing acid-sensitive groups, in typically high isolated yields.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.0c00690 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Nanjing University, Chemistry, Xianlin 163Hao, Nanjing 210023, 210023, Nanjing, CHINA.
The simple and efficient conversion of carboxylic acids into structurally diverse organic molecules is highly desirable in chemical synthesis. This review covers recent developments in photocatalytic methodology for late-stage transformations of complex carboxylic acids and their derivatives enabled by radical decarboxylation and deoxygenation, highlighting some representative and significant contributions in this field. These advancements are categorized based on the reactivity patterns exhibited by the carboxylic acids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, United States.
Bismuth vanadate (BiVO) is a common photocatalyst for water remediation, yet its powder form renders difficult to disperse, recycle, and regenerate, limiting photodegradation efficiency. In this study, a lignocellulosic-templated BiVO photocatalyst was fabricated from BiVO precursor and lignocellulose using a simple vacuum impregnation (w/o heat treatment on wood template). Results showed that the modified template retained original hierarchical structure with an increased specific surface area and reduced hemicellulose content, leading to a promising template for uniform distribution of BiVO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
Oxidatively generated phosphine radical cations are reactive intermediates that can be used for the generation of carbon and heteroatom centered radicals via deoxygenation processes. Such P-radical cations can readily be generated via single electron transfer oxidation using a redox catalyst. Cheap and commercially available nitroarenes are ideal nitrogen sources for the construction of organic amines and N-containing heterocycles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
August 2024
Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
A visible-light-induced photocatalytic deoxygenative benzylation of quinoxalin-2-(1)-ones is herein described. This novel approach provides a mild, simple, and practical route to 3-benzylquinoxalin-2(1)-ones from ubiquitous and safe carboxylic acid anhydrides. A wide range of substrates with different substituents were well-tolerated and efficiently transformed to various functionalized 3-benzylquinoxalin-2(1)-ones with great potential for valuable applications in drug discovery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
July 2024
Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Photocatalysis has emerged as an effective tool for addressing the contemporary challenges in organic synthesis. However, the trial-and-error-based screening of feasible substrates and optimal reaction conditions remains time-consuming and potentially expensive in industrial practice. Here, we demonstrate an electrochemical-based data-acquisition approach that derives a simple set of redox-relevant electro-descriptors for effective mechanistic analysis and performance evaluation through machine learning (ML) in photocatalytic synthesis.
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