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β-Lactam Inoculum Effect in Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Infective Endocarditis.
JAMA Netw Open
December 2024
Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
Importance: Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by Staphylococcus aureus is associated with high mortality, approximately 20% to 30%, mostly in the first month, with no improvement in recent decades. Current opinion is that antistaphylococcal penicillin and cefazolin are equally effective in treating methicillin-susceptible S aureus (MSSA) IE, and both are recommended as possible first-line treatments. Most MSSA strains carry the β-lactamase blaZ gene, and some blaZ-positive strains exhibit an inoculum effect, meaning increased minimum inhibitory concentrations at high inoculum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharting the global footprint of borderline oxacillin-resistant (BORSA): the first systematic review and meta-analysis.
PeerJ
December 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Borderline oxacillin-resistant (BORSA) has been a persistent yet under-researched concern in the realm of antibiotic resistance, characterized by unique resistance mechanisms and potential for severe infections. This systematic review and meta-analysis consolidates data from 29 studies encompassing 18,781 samples, revealing a global BORSA prevalence of 6.6% (95% CI [4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 60-year-old polymorbid patient developed severe metabolic acidosis during weeks of treatment with flucloxacillin and paracetamol. The acidosis was triggered by an accumulation of 5-oxoproline due to pre-existing risk factors for glutathione deficiency as well as a ketoacidosis due to starvation. After treatment with N-acetylcysteine and hemofiltration, the acidosis completely resolved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship program in the treatment of bacteraemia in paediatric patients: a multivariate analysis.
Infect Prev Pract
December 2024
Antimicrobial Stewardship Program, Pequeno Príncipe Hospital, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Background: Care bundles are a recognised strategy to improve treatment. When managed through an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) based on the pharmacist-led program model, care bundles can be an effective tool to guide decision making in clinical practice and to improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the results of a pharmacist-led ASP which included a care bundle based on clinical outcomes of bacteraemia (SAB) in a paediatric hospital.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater, sanitation, and hygiene in selected health facilities in Ethiopia: risks for healthcare acquired antimicrobial-resistant infections.
Front Public Health
December 2024
Center for Food Science and Nutrition, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Background: Inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in health facilities, and the low adherence to infection control protocols can increase the risk of hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections (HAIs). The risk for HAIs can increase morbidity, and mortality, health care cost, but also contribute to increased microbial resistance.
Objectives: The study aimed to assess WASH facilities and practices, and levels of nosocomial pathogens in selected health facilities in Oromia Region and Southern, Nations and Nationalities and Peoples (SNNPs) Region.
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