High- and low-acetylated galactoglucomannooligosaccharides (GGMOS_Ac and GGMOS, respectively) were assayed as substrates in the TIM-2 colon model using, as inoculum, fecal microbiota from the elderly. The effects on the microbiota and their activity were also compared to a standard ileal efflux medium (SIEM). GGMOS resulted in higher organic acid productions and higher short-chain fatty acids/total organic acid molar ratios. Although comparable Actinobacteria abundances were observed with both substrates, GGMOS fermentation led to higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios and lower Proteobacteria percentages than GGMOS_Ac. No differences were found concerning the percentages of beneficial genus such as , , , or . However, higher bacterial diversities and numbers of genera such as and were found with GGMOS_Ac. This suggests that GGMOS would be more suitable substrates for the elderly, even though GGMOS_Ac promoted positive effects that support the interest of further research using these oligosaccharides as "carriers" of desired substituents.
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