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Ageing of the skeleton is characterised by decreased bone mineral density, reduced strength, and increased risk of fracture. Although it is known that these changes are determined by the activities of bone cells through the processes of bone modelling and remodelling, details of the molecular mechanisms that underlie age-related changes in bone are still missing. Here, we analysed age-related changes in bone microarchitecture along with global gene expression in samples obtained from patients with osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesised that changes would be evident in both microarchitecture and gene expression and aimed to identify novel molecular mechanisms that underlie ageing processes in bone. Samples of femoral head and neck were obtained from patients undergoing hip arthroplasty for OA, who were either ≤60 years or ≥70 years of age. Bone microarchitecture was analysed in cores of trabecular bone from the femoral head (17 from the younger group and 18 from the older), and cortical bone from the femoral neck (25 younger/22 older), using a Skyscan 1172 microCT scanner (Bruker). Gene expression was compared between the two age groups in 20 trabecular samples from each group, and 10 cortical samples from each group, using Clariom S Human microarrays (ThermoFisher Scientific). We found no significant changes between the two age groups in indices of trabecular or cortical bone microarchitecture. Gene expression analysis identified seven genes that had higher expression in the older group, including the transcription factor and the glucose transporter (), and 21 differentially expressed genes in cortical bone samples (<0.05, fold change>2). However, none of the comparisons of gene expression had false discovery rate-adjusted <0.1. In contrast to our working hypothesis, we found only minor differences in gene expression and no differences in bone microarchitecture between the two age-groups. It is possible that pathological processes related to OA provide protection against age-related changes in bone. Our study suggests that in patients with OA, the bone properties measured here in femoral head and neck do not deteriorate significantly from the sixth to the eighth decade of life.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2020.100287 | DOI Listing |
Epilepsia Open
December 2024
Integrated Diagnostics for Epilepsy, Department of Diagnostic and Technology, European Reference Network EPIcare, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by progressive cognitive and motor decline, epilepsy, visual impairment, and shortened life-expectancy. CLN6-related NCLs include both late-infantile and adult myoclonic form. We report a 21-year-old patient, with mild developmental delay, who developed occipital seizures at 14 years, and subsequently cognitive decline, cortical myoclonus, and photosensitivity at low and higher frequencies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Oncol (Dordr)
December 2024
Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
Purpose: Our study aims to develop and validate a novel molecular marker for the prognosis and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) MATERIALS & METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed mRNA expression profile and clinicopathological data of HCC patients fetched from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) datasets. Univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to collect differentially expressed mRNA (DEmRNAs) from HCC and non-tumor tissues, and YEATS2, a prognostic marker, was identified by further analysis. ROC curve, survival analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis as well as nomograms were used to evaluate the prognosis of this gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Cell
December 2024
Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Korea.
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have at least three distinct states: naïve pluripotency that represents the cellular states of the pre-implantation epiblast cells, primed pluripotency that represents the cellular states of the post-implantation epiblast cells, and formative pluripotency that represents a developmental continuum between naïve and primed pluripotency. Various cell surface markers have been used to define and analyze primed and naïve hPSCs within heterogeneous populations. However, not much is known about common cell surface markers for the different pluripotent states of hPSCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mol Neurosci
December 2024
Centre for Drug and Herbal Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Elevated inflammatory reactions are a significant component in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Activation of α7-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (α7nAChR) reduces stroke-induced inflammation in rats, but the anti-inflammatory pathway in microglia under CIRI condition remains unclear. This study employed qRT-PCR, protein assays, NanoString analysis, and bioinformatics to examine the effects of PNU282987 treatment (α7nAChR agonist) on BV2 microglial functional differentiation in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGDR) condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAMB Express
December 2024
Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore.
Sodium butyrate (NaBu), well-known as a histone deacetylase inhibitor and for its capacity to impede cell growth, can enhance the production of a specific protein, such as an antibody, in recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell cultures. In this study, two CHO cell lines, namely K1 and DG44, along with their corresponding mAb-producing lines, K1-Pr and DG44-Pr, were cultivated with or without NaBu. A SWATH-based profiling method was employed to analyze the proteome.
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