Purpose: To identify the effects of prolonged type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on macular microcirculation and the inner retinal layer in diabetic eyes without clinical diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Methods: 97, 92, and 57 eyes in the control, patients with T2DM < 10 years (DM group one), and patients with T2DM ≥ 10 years (DM group two) were enrolled. The ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness and superficial vessel density (VD) were compared. Linear regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with VD in T2DM patients.
Results: GC-IPL thicknesses in the control, DM group one, and DM group two were 84.58 ± 0.89, 83.49 ± 0.70, and 79.04 ± 0.96 μm, respectively ( < 0.001). The VDs of the full area were 20.32 ± 0.15, 19.46 ± 0.17, and 18.46 ± 0.23 mm ( < 0.001). Post-hoc analyses revealed that the VDs of the full area was significantly different in the control vs. DM group one ( = 0.001), control vs. DM group two ( < 0.001), and DM group one vs. DM group two ( = 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that DM duration ( = 0.037), visual acuity ( = 0.013), and GC-IPL thickness ( < 0.001) were significantly associated with the VD of T2DM patients.
Conclusions: We confirmed GC-IPL thinning and decreased superficial VD in the macular areas using OCTA in T2DM patients. Patients with T2DM ≥ 10 years exhibited significantly more severe macular microcirculation impairment compared to patients with T2DM < 10 years and normal controls.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061849 | DOI Listing |
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