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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13432 | DOI Listing |
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The NE/AAT/CBG axis regulates adipose tissue glucocorticoid exposure.
Nat Commun
January 2025
University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG; SERPINA6) binds >85% of circulating glucocorticoids but its influence on their metabolic actions is unproven. Targeted proteolytic cleavage of CBG by neutrophil elastase (NE; ELANE) significantly reduces CBG binding affinity, potentially increasing 'free' glucocorticoid levels at sites of inflammation. NE is inhibited by alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT; SERPINA1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFormation of I+III supercomplex rescues respiratory chain defects.
Cell Metab
January 2025
Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address:
Mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes partition between free complexes and quaternary assemblies known as supercomplexes (SCs). However, the physiological requirement for SCs and the mechanisms regulating their formation remain controversial. Here, we show that genetic perturbations in mammalian ETC complex III (CIII) biogenesis stimulate the formation of a specialized extra-large SC (SC-XL) with a structure of I+III, resolved at 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarnessing the dynamics of plant organic acids metabolism following abiotic stresses.
Plant Physiol Biochem
December 2024
National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil. Electronic address:
Plants encounter various environmental stresses throughout development, including shade, high light, drought, hypoxia, extreme temperatures, and metal toxicity, all of which adversely affect growth and productivity. Organic acids (OAs), besides serving as intermediates in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, play crucial roles in multiple metabolic pathways and cellular compartments, including mitochondrial metabolism, amino acid metabolism, the glyoxylate cycle, and the photosynthetic mechanisms of C4 and CAM plants. OAs contribute to stress tolerance by acting as root chelating agents, regulating ATP production, and providing reducing power for detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectric field stimulation directs target-specific axon regeneration and partial restoration of vision after optic nerve crush injury.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, USC Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
Failure of central nervous system (CNS) axons to regenerate after injury results in permanent disability. Several molecular neuro-protective and neuro-regenerative strategies have been proposed as potential treatments but do not provide the directional cues needed to direct target-specific axon regeneration. Here, we demonstrate that applying an external guidance cue in the form of electric field stimulation to adult rats after optic nerve crush injury was effective at directing long-distance, target-specific retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon regeneration to native targets in the diencephalon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeveloping Topics.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Background: Disease-modifying therapies for tauopathies like Alzheimer's disease have targeted Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation, as both pathological changes are implicated in Tau-mediated toxicity. However, the interplay between Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation, and their relative contribution towards overall Tau toxicity is not entirely understood.
Method: Leveraging the genetic tractability of Drosophila, we generated novel transgenic lines designed to manipulate Tau phosphorylation and aggregation to address these questions and unpick the relationship between these pathological changes.
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