A pair of axicons with an adjustable separation between them is used to generate a variable diameter ring beam with high efficiency. This beam illuminates a lens to produce quasi-diffraction-free beams with a tunable spot size and depth of field. We studied the generated beam characteristics while changing either the ring diameter or its thickness. Such a scheme has applications in adjustable imaging, including nondiffracting beam microscopy, material processing with an irradiance above a certain threshold value, and particle trapping/manipulation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.389353 | DOI Listing |
J Phys Chem A
January 2025
School of Applied Science and Humanities, Haldia Institute of Technology, ICARE Complex, Haldia 721657, India.
This study explores the reactivity of a new intermolecular P/B frustrated Lewis pair in the context of dinitrogen activation through a push-pull mechanism. The ab initio molecular dynamics model known as atom-centered density matrix propagation plays a pivotal role in elucidating the weakly associated encounter complex. In-depth analysis, mainly through intrinsic reaction coordinate calculations, supports a single-step mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anim Ecol
January 2025
Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
The hoarding behaviour of animals has evolved to reduce starvation risk when food resources are scarce, but effects of food limitation on survival of hoarding animals is poorly understood. Eurasian pygmy owls (Glaucidium passerinum) hoard small mammals and birds in natural cavities and nest boxes in late autumn for later use in the following winter. We studied the relative influence of the food biomass in hoards of pygmy owls on their over-winter and over-summer apparent survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Med Educ
January 2025
Department of Healthcare Services Management, School of Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
Background: The effectiveness of Health Services Management curricula relies heavily on practical experiences that reflect the evolving needs of the healthcare sector. This study focuses on revising Field Practicum 4 for undergraduate students to better prepare them for leadership roles in healthcare.
Methods: This qualitative and cross-sectional case study was conducted during the 2022-2023 academic year at Zabol University of Medical Sciences.
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
Laboratorio de Geografía Física, Escuela de Geografía, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica.
Human interventions in the form of riverbed sand mining are escalating worldwide, especially in the humid tropics with excess population pressure exerting an elevated demand for sand as construction materials. Naturally, channel morphological alterations are observed for the tropical fluvial systems to a large extent. The present work examines the riverbed sand mining of the Mayurakshi River (India) during the last fifty years (1970-2020) using topographical maps, satellite images and field-based cross-sectional measurements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China. Electronic address:
Fish migration patterns are driven by hydrodynamic factors, which are essential in aquatic ecology. This study investigated the hydrodynamic drivers of Gymnocypris przewalskii fish migration in two distinct river reaches-a straight reach (SR) and a confluence reach (CR)- in the area of Qinghai Lake, China, using a 3D numerical model, fish density field data, and four predictive models. Thirteen hydrodynamic factors, with a focus on water depth and velocity, were analyzed to identify their influence on fish migration.
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