Photothermal conversion-coordinated Fenton-like and photocatalytic reactions of CuSe-Au Janus nanoparticles for tri-combination antitumor therapy.

In vivo chemical reactions activated by the tumor microenvironment (TME) are particularly promising for antitumor treatments. Herein, employing CuSe-Au Janus nanoparticles (NPs), photothermal conversion-coordinated Fenton-like and photocatalytic reactions are demonstrated in vitro/vivo. The amorphous form of CuSe and the catalytic effect of Au benefit the OH generation, and the photo-induced electron‒hole separation of the Janus NPs produces additional OH. The plasmonic electrons of Au facilitate the conversion from Cu to Cu. Both CuSe and Au contributes to the efficient photothermal conversion, further promoting the reactions. As a result, the HO utilization rate is largely increased, and remarkable generation of reactive oxygen species is achieved by cell endogenous HOin vitro/vivo. A competent tumor inhibition effect is afforded, with high-contrast multimodal imaging. This work opens up the route synergistically integrating photothermal therapy with chemodynamic therapy and photocatalytic therapy into tri-combination antitumor therapy, simply by heterojunction of semiconductor and noble metal.