On the relation between perceived stability and aesthetic appreciation.

Perceived stability is an important feature of pictures with respect to their aesthetic appreciation. Pictures whose composition is perceived as stable are usually liked more than those with unstable arrangements. However, there are exceptions. In a recent study, we found that unstable Japanese calligraphies were preferred to stable ones. From this result, we hypothesized that instability is liked when it implies movement. Therefore, we systematically tested these two types of instability. In our first experiment, we used multiple-element pictures of varying stability as stimuli and show that perceived instability has a negative effect on liking. In a second experiment, we used dynamic paintings by the artist K.O. Götz, which largely vary in implied movement. As expected, for these dynamic pictures, instability was positively related to liking. Taken together, our findings indicate that perceived instability reduces the aesthetical appreciation of a picture unless it implies movement.