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A review of bites by non-front-fanged snakes (NFFS) of Europe.
Toxicon
November 2024
Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany; Animal Venomics Lab, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany; LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Non-front-fanged snakes (NFFS) have been largely neglected in snake venom research, leading to unclear assessments of their medical significance for human bites.
- The review focuses on European NFFS, highlighting that while most bites cause mild symptoms, the genus Malpolon can result in more severe local and systemic effects.
- It emphasizes the importance of professional medical evaluation for any bite from these snakes to ensure safety and aid in understanding their potential risks.
Venomics of the milos viper () unveils patterns of venom composition and exochemistry across blunt-nosed viper venoms.
Front Mol Biosci
August 2023
Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Giessen, Germany.
Snakebite is a neglected tropical disease and a globally important driver of death and morbidity. Vipers of the genus (Viperidae: Viperinae) are among the snakes of higher medical importance in the Old World. Despite the medical relevance of venoms, the knowledge regarding them is heterogeneously distributed with virtually all works conducted so far focusing on subspecies of , while other species within the genus are largely overlooked.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortical Blindness and Thrombotic Microangiopathy Following a Hemotoxic Snake Envenomation: An Unusual Presentation.
Cureus
August 2023
Department of Emergency Medicine, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, IND.
Snake envenomation leads to significant morbidity and mortality with local, hematological, renal, and neurological complications. Hemotoxic envenomation activates a hemorrhagic cascade, leading to many manifestations ranging from skin bleeds to major organ bleeds and fatal intracranial hemorrhage. Although rare, ischemic manifestations are possible following a hemotoxic envenomation, and they may present as cortical blindness, an unusual ocular symptom.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVenomous Bites, Stings and Poisoning by European Vertebrates as an Overlooked and Emerging Medical Problem: Recognition, Clinical Aspects and Therapeutic Management.
Life (Basel)
May 2023
Unit of Dermatology and Cosmetology, I.R.C.C.S. San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Europe presents a high number of venomous and poisonous animals able to elicit medically relevant symptoms in humans. However, since most of the accidents involving venomous or poisonous animals in Europe are unreported, their incidence and morbidity are severely overlooked. Here we provide an overview of the European vertebrate species of greatest toxicological interest, the clinical manifestations their toxins can cause, and their treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuromuscular Weakness and Paralysis Produced by Snakebite Envenoming: Mechanisms and Proposed Standards for Clinical Assessment.
Toxins (Basel)
January 2023
Center for Exploration and Travel Health, California Academy of Science, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
Respiratory and airway-protective muscle weakness caused by the blockade of neuromuscular transmission is a major cause of early mortality from snakebite envenoming (SBE). Once weakness is manifest, antivenom appears to be of limited effectiveness in improving neuromuscular function. Herein, we review the topic of venom-induced neuromuscular blockade and consider the utility of adopting clinical management methods originally developed for the safe use of neuromuscular blocking agents by anesthesiologists in operating rooms and critical care units.
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