Age, Male Gender, and Social Deprivation Are Associated with a Lower Rate of Insulin Pump Therapy Initiation in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Population-Based Study.

The objective of this population-based study was to identify factors associated with insulin pump therapy initiation in adults with insulin-requiring diabetes in France in 2015. People with insulin-requiring diabetes and their characteristics were identified from the national health data system. Factors associated with insulin pump therapy initiation were identified by logistic regression analysis. The study focused on 614,913 adults with diabetes treated by multiple daily injections before 2015: 4083 of them initiated insulin pump therapy during the year (71% of them had type 1 diabetes, T1D). Factors associated with insulin pump therapy initiation were the number of consultations with an endocrinologist within the past 2 years (2 vs. 0, odds ratio [OR] = 1.5,  < 0.01), the presence of a chronic cardiovascular or neurovascular disease (OR = 1.6 for T1D, OR = 1.3 for type 2 diabetes [T2D],  < 0.01) and treatment with antidepressants/anxiolytics (OR = 1.2 for T1D, OR = 1.4 for T2D,  < 0.01). The other determinants were female gender (OR = 1.5,  < 0.01) and history of hospitalization for acute metabolic complications (OR = 1.14,  < 0.01) in T1D. Factors associated with less insulin pump therapy initiation were age, duration of diabetes, end-stage renal disease, and social deprivation (OR = 0.662,  < 0.01, T1D only). Predictive factors of insulin pump therapy initiation in people with insulin-requiring diabetes in 2015 in France were globally consistent with clinical practice guidelines. Age, male gender, and social deprivation are still associated with a lower rate of insulin pump therapy initiation in adults with T1D.