Many species in nature have evolved remarkable strategies to visually adapt to the surroundings for the purpose of protection and predation. Similarly, acquiring the capabilities of adaptively camouflaging in the infrared (IR) spectrum has emerged as an intriguing but highly challenging technology in recent years. Here, we report adaptive thermal camouflage devices by bridging the optical and radiative properties of nanoscopic platinum (Pt) films and silver (Ag) electrodeposited Pt films. Specifically, these metal-based devices have large, uniform, and consistent IR tunabilities in mid-wave IR (MWIR) and long-wave IR (LWIR) atmospheric transmission windows (ATWs). Furthermore, these devices can be easily multiplexed, enlarged, applied to rough and flexible substrates, or colored, demonstrating their multiple adaptive camouflaging capabilities. We believe that this technology will be advantageous not only in various adaptive camouflage platforms but also in many thermal radiation management-related technologies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba3494 | DOI Listing |
Anal Bioanal Chem
December 2024
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Metabolically active cells emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can be used in real time to non-invasively monitor the health of cell cultures. We utilized these naturally occurring VOCs in an adapted culture method to detect differences in culturing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with and without Staphylococcus epidermidis and Aspergillus fumigatus contaminations. The VOC emissions from the cell cultures were extracted and measured from the culture flask headspace using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated Twisters, which were subjected to thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
CIBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Vila do Conde, Portugal.
Thermoregulating ectotherms may resort to different external heat sources to modulate their body temperature through an array of behavioural and physiological adaptations which modulate heat exchange with the environment and its distribution across the animal's body. Even small-bodied animals are capable of fine control over such rates and the subsequent re-allocation of heat across the body. Such thermal exchanges with the environment usually happen through two non-mutually exclusive modes: heliothermy (radiant heat gain from the sun) or thigmothermy (heat gained or lost via conduction).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Virol
December 2024
Department of Medicine & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
Experts expressed severe concerns over the possibility of increasing burden of infectious diseases as the planet's climate began to change years ago. There have been increased rates of climate-related catastrophes and as global temperatures rise, emergence of certain viruses has become a serious concern. Vectors are susceptible to changing temperatures as they exhibit innate responses to thermal stress to increase survivability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPoult Sci
December 2024
Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Continuous, non-invasive, and objective methods to detect flock-level responses to stressors, including intestinal health deviations, are currently lacking in poultry. This proof of principle study investigated the potential of manure odor profiling in monitoring stress responses in Lohmann Brown Classic, Lohmann LSL Classic and Lohmann LSL Lite layer pullets. Stressors were represented by a Salmonella vaccination given to the pullets at wk 3 of age (Dataset 1 and Dataset 2) and wk 16 of age (Dataset 4) and a viral/bacterial vaccine cocktail given at wk 12 of age (Dataset 3).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
December 2024
Institute of Thermal Science and Power Systems, School of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
High-performance boiling surfaces are in great demand for efficient cooling of high-heat-flux devices. Although various micro-/nano-structured surfaces have been engineered toward higher surface wettability and wickability for enhanced boiling, the design and fabrication of surface structures for realizing both high critical heat flux (CHF) and high heat transfer coefficient (HTC) remain a key challenge. Here, a novel "electrode-transpose" all-electrochemical strategy is proposed to create superhydrophilic microporous surfaces with higher dendrites and larger pores by simply adding an electrochemical etching step prior to the multiple electrochemical deposition steps.
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