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The impacts of ocean acidification on marine trace gases and the implications for atmospheric chemistry and climate. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Ocean biogeochemistry and photochemistry significantly impact the exchange of trace gases between the ocean and atmosphere, which are vital for understanding Earth's climate.
  • Ocean acidification (OA) influences the production of key trace gases like dimethyl sulfide (DMS), nitrous oxide, ammonia, and halocarbons, especially in sensitive regions like polar oceans and areas with upwelling.
  • To enhance knowledge of trace gas production mechanisms and adaptations, the study suggests integrating short-term process measurements with long-term experiments in both lab and natural settings, while advocating for more comprehensive ocean observations that include carbonate chemistry metrics.

Article Abstract

Surface ocean biogeochemistry and photochemistry regulate ocean-atmosphere fluxes of trace gases critical for Earth's atmospheric chemistry and climate. The oceanic processes governing these fluxes are often sensitive to the changes in ocean pH (or CO) accompanying ocean acidification (OA), with potential for future climate feedbacks. Here, we review current understanding (from observational, experimental and model studies) on the impact of OA on marine sources of key climate-active trace gases, including dimethyl sulfide (DMS), nitrous oxide (NO), ammonia and halocarbons. We focus on DMS, for which available information is considerably greater than for other trace gases. We highlight OA-sensitive regions such as polar oceans and upwelling systems, and discuss the combined effect of multiple climate stressors (ocean warming and deoxygenation) on trace gas fluxes. To unravel the biological mechanisms responsible for trace gas production, and to detect adaptation, we propose combining process rate measurements of trace gases with longer term experiments using both model organisms in the laboratory and natural planktonic communities in the field. Future ocean observations of trace gases should be routinely accompanied by measurements of two components of the carbonate system to improve our understanding of how carbonate chemistry influences trace gas production. Together, this will lead to improvements in current process model capabilities and more reliable predictions of future global marine trace gas fluxes.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7277135PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2019.0769DOI Listing

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