is one of the most prominent opportunistic bacteria in airways of cystic fibrosis patients and in immunocompromised patients. These bacteria share the same polymicrobial niche with other microbes, such as the opportunistic fungus Their inter-kingdom interactions and diverse exchange of secreted metabolites are responsible for how they both fare in competition for ecological niches. The outcomes of their contests likely determine persistent damage and degeneration of lung function. With a myriad of virulence factors and metabolites of promising antifungal activity, products or their derivatives may prove useful in prophylaxis and therapy against . Quorum sensing underlies the primary virulence strategy of , which serves as cell-cell communication and ultimately leads to the production of multiple virulence factors. Understanding the quorum-sensing-related pathogenic mechanisms of is a first step for understanding intermicrobial competition. In this review, we provide a basic overview of some of the central virulence factors of that are regulated by quorum-sensing response pathways and briefly discuss the hitherto known antifungal properties of these virulence factors. This review also addresses the role of the bacterial secretion machinery regarding virulence factor secretion and maintenance of cell-cell communication.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6020081 | DOI Listing |
Cell Biol Int
January 2025
Laboratory of Leishmaniasis, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Leishmaniases affect millions of people around the world, caused by Leishmania parasites. Leishmania are transmitted by female sandflies from Phlebotominae subfamily during their blood meals. In mammals, promastigotes are phagocytosed mainly by macrophages, differentiate into amastigotes and multiply.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF, the most common non-viral sexually transmitted parasite, causes more than 270 million infections annually. The infection's outcome varies greatly depending on different factors that include variation in human immune responses, the vaginal microbiome, and the inherent virulence of the strain. Although the pathogenicity of the different strains depends, at least partially, on differential gene expression of virulence genes; the regulatory mechanisms governing this transcriptional control remain incompletely understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis the causative agent of the venereal disease trichomoniasis which infects men and women globally and is associated with serious outcomes during pregnancy and cancers of the human reproductive tract. Trichomonads parasitize a range of hosts in addition to humans including birds, livestock, and domesticated animals. Recent genetic analysis of trichomonads recovered from columbid birds has provided evidence that these parasite species undergo frequent host-switching, and that a current epoch spillover event from columbids likely gave rise to in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElife
January 2025
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
Obligate parasites often trigger significant changes in their hosts to facilitate transmission to new hosts. The molecular mechanisms behind these extended phenotypes - where genetic information of one organism is manifested as traits in another - remain largely unclear. This study explores the role of the virulence protein SAP54, produced by parasitic phytoplasmas, in attracting leafhopper vectors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Dis
January 2025
Northwest A&F University, College of Plant Protection, xinong road 22,Yangling, Shaanxi,, PO box, 13#, Yangling, Shaanxi, China, 712100;
Wheat stripe rust, caused by f. sp. (), poses a significant threat to wheat production, particularly in Henan province, which produces more than 36 million tons of wheat grain every year, the highest production among all provinces in China.
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