Endovascular catheter arterial embolization effectively treats secondary hypertension and increased plasma B-type natriuretic peptide level accompanied by idiopathic renal arteriovenous fistula.

A 65-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and atrial fibrillation was referred to our hospital following detection of microscopic hematuria. Physical examination showed continuous vascular murmur with the maximum point on the right side of the umbilicus. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a right renal aneurysmal-type arteriovenous fistula. She underwent endovascular catheter arterial embolization. Following this, her blood pressure was virtually normalized, and her levels of plasma BNP were significantly reduced. We recommend that patients with microscopic hematuria should be auscultated around the navel, because renal AV shunt is treatable; this may facilitate cure of secondary hypertension and cardiac load.