Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a bioelectronic therapy for disorders of the brain and peripheral organs, and a tool to study the physiology of autonomic circuits. Selective activation of afferent or efferent vagal fibers can maximize efficacy and minimize off-target effects of VNS. Anodal block (ABL) has been used to achieve directional fiber activation in nerve stimulation. However, evidence for directional VNS with ABL has been scarce and inconsistent, and it is unknown whether ABL permits directional fiber activation with respect to functional effects of VNS. Through a series of vagotomies, we established physiological markers for afferent and efferent fiber activation by VNS: stimulus-elicited change in breathing rate (ΔBR) and heart rate (ΔHR), respectively. Bipolar VNS trains of both polarities elicited mixed ΔHR and ΔBR responses. Cathode cephalad polarity caused an afferent pattern of responses (relatively stronger ΔBR) whereas cathode caudad caused an efferent pattern (stronger ΔHR). Additionally, left VNS elicited a greater afferent and right VNS a greater efferent response. By analyzing stimulus-evoked compound nerve potentials, we confirmed that such polarity differences in functional responses to VNS can be explained by ABL of A- and B-fiber activation. We conclude that ABL is a mechanism that can be leveraged for directional VNS.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7280203PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-66332-yDOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

nerve stimulation
12
fiber activation
12
vns
10
anodal block
8
permits directional
8
vagus nerve
8
afferent efferent
8
effects vns
8
directional fiber
8
directional vns
8

Similar Publications

Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) mediate Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, contributing to complex regulation of numerous physiological responses. The involvement of the three IP3R genes (ITPR1, ITPR2 and ITPR3) in inherited human diseases has started to shed light on the essential roles of each receptor in different human tissues and cell types. Variants in the ITPR3 gene, which encodes IP3R3, have recently been found to cause demyelinating sensorimotor Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 1J (CMT1J).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Transcutaneous electrical stimulation after breast cancer surgery has been utilized for various purposes, but the full efficacy of this treatment approach on postoperative symptoms remains unclear.

Aim: This study aimed to answer the question: Does transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation significantly impact postoperative patient outcomes in individuals undergoing breast cancer surgery?

Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted. Because of the limited number of studies included, it was not feasible to perform a meta-analysis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Neurotrophic factors are critical for establishing functional connectivity in the nervous system and sustaining neuronal survival through adulthood. As the first neurotrophic factor purified, nerve growth factor (NGF) is extensively studied for its prolific role in axon outgrowth, pruning, and survival. Applying NGF to diseased neuronal tissue is an exciting therapeutic option and understanding how NGF regulates local axon susceptibility to pathological degeneration is critical for exploiting its full potential.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Practical Considerations for the rapid titration of VNS.

Epilepsy Behav Rep

March 2025

Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

For patients with drug-resistant epilepsy who are not candidates for epilepsy surgery, Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is the most widely available neuromodulation option and has been available in several countries for 30 years. Given its broad availability and extended history on the market, many healthcare providers (HCPs) have developed individualized practice habits regarding the titration and dosing of VNS. This study provides novel evidence to describe the extent to which VNS management differs among providers and discusses recent literature that indicates how unique programming approaches may impact patient outcomes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Optical Imaging of Trigeminal Ganglion Excitation Evoked by Electrical Stimulation of the Trigeminal Nerve.

Cureus

December 2024

Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Faculty of Dentistry Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, JPN.

Background There are many reports of anatomical and physiological studies on trigeminal ganglion neurons, but few studies have analyzed temporal changes in the excitation of the trigeminal ganglion. This study aimed to establish an experimental system for spatial and temporal imaging analysis of the excitatory dynamics of trigeminal ganglion cells evoked by stimulation of a peripheral branch of the trigeminal nerve. Methods After excision of the trigeminal ganglion with the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) from Sprague Dawley rats (seven to nine weeks old), 400-µm-thick slices of the trigeminal ganglion with the IAN were prepared.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!