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Quantum Thermodynamics of Nonequilibrium Processes in Lattice Gauge Theories.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST and University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
A key objective in nuclear and high-energy physics is to describe nonequilibrium dynamics of matter, e.g., in the early Universe and in particle colliders, starting from the standard model of particle physics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Manifestations.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute for Research on the Aging Brain, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Epidemiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Background: Transcultural adaptations of brief cognitive screening tools (BCTs) involve the development of alternate versions that are psychometrically equivalent to the original, while being linguistically and culturally adapted to a new sociodemographic context. The RUDAS (Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale) is less affected by culture, language, and education compared with other BCTs. However, several studies have reported an effect of education on RUDAS scores.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetecting a Long-Lived False Vacuum with Quantum Quenches.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Distinguishing whether a system supports alternate low-energy (locally stable) states-stable (true vacuum) versus metastable (false vacuum)-by direct observation can be difficult when the lifetime of the state is very long but otherwise unknown. Here we demonstrate, in a tractable model system, that there are physical phenomena on much shorter timescales that can diagnose the difference. Specifically, we study the time evolution of the magnetization following a quench in the tilted quantum Ising model, and show that its magnitude spectrum is an effective diagnostic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultimaterial cryogenic printing of three-dimensional soft hydrogel machines.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Robotics Institute and State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Hydrogel-based soft machines are promising in diverse applications, such as biomedical electronics and soft robotics. However, current fabrication techniques generally struggle to construct multimaterial three-dimensional hydrogel architectures for soft machines and robots, owing to the inherent hydrogel softness from the low-density polymer network nature. Herein, we present a multimaterial cryogenic printing (MCP) technique that can fabricate sophisticated soft hydrogel machines with accurate yet complex architectures and robust multimaterial interfaces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElucidating Manganese Single-Atom Doping: Strategies for Fluorescence Enhancement in Water-Soluble Red-Emitting Carbon Dots and Applications for FL/MR Dual Mode Imaging.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China.
The absence of the enhancement of fluorescence in carbon dots (CDs) through doping with transition metal atoms (TMAs) hinders the advancement of multi-modal bio-imaging CDs with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). Herein, Mn-atomically-doped R-CDs (R-Mn-CDs) with a high PLQY of 41.3% in water is presented, enabling efficient in vivo dual-mode fluorescence/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.
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