By measuring the fluorescence photon statistics of single chains of a conjugated polymer, we determine the lifetime of the metastable dark state, the triplet exciton. The single molecule emits single photons one at a time, giving rise to photon antibunching. These photons appear bunched in time over longer time scales because of excursions to the triplet dark state. Remarkably, this triplet intermittency in the fluorescence is spontaneously suppressed over time scales of seconds, implying that either triplet formation is inhibited or that triplets are selectively quenched without the singlet fluorescence being affected. Such discrete switching in the strength of photon bunching is only seen in highly ordered and rigid chains of a ladder-type conjugated polymer. It does not occur in single dye molecules. We propose that trapped photogenerated charges on the chain selectively quench triplets but not singlets, presumably because the effective diffusion length of triplets is longer along the highly rigid ladder-type backbone.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01308 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China.
Background: Alpha-internexin (AINX) is a type IV intermediate filament alongside the neurofilament triplet proteins. Although AINX is mostly expressed during the development of the brain, it is still present in mature neurons and reported to be involved in axonal outgrowth. Because of a lack of previously published studies quantifying AINX in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and its high sequence similarity with other neurofilaments, the objective of this project was to specifically detect AINX via antibody-based techniques and assess its biomarker capabilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Extracell Vesicles
January 2025
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown great potential for treating various diseases. Translating EVs-based therapy from bench to bedside remains challenging due to inefficient delivery of EVs to the injured area and lack of techniques to visualize the entire targeting process. Here we developed a dopamine surface functionalization platform that facilitates easy and simultaneous conjugation of targeting peptide and multi-mode imaging probes to the surface of EVs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Background: Cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) correlates with hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) propagating between neurons along networks connected by synapses. It has been hypothesized this transcellular transmission occurs partially by extracellular vesicles (EVs). Both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of nSMase2 has been found to inhibit EV biogenesis and pTau propagation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Deliv
December 2025
Biomedical Materials and Devices for Revolutionary Integrative Systems Engineering (BMD-RISE) Research Unit, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Biopolymers, such as collagens, elastin, silk fibroin, spider silk, fibrin, keratin, and resilin have gained significant interest for their potential biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical properties. This review focuses on the design and integration of biomimetic peptides into these biopolymer platforms to control the release of bioactive molecules, thereby enhancing their functionality for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) and silk fibroin repeats, for example, demonstrate how engineered peptides can mimic natural protein domains to modulate material properties and drug release profiles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Fuzhou University, Chemistry, 523 Gongye Rd, Gulou, 350000, Fuzhou, CHINA.
Conjugated polymers, represented by polymeric carbon nitrides (PCNs), have risen to prominence as new-generation photocatalysts for overall water splitting (OWS). Despite considerable efforts, achieving highly crystalline PCNs with minimal structural defects remains a great challenge, and it is also difficult to examine the exact impact of complex defect states on OWS process, which largely limits their quantum efficiency. Herein, we devise a 'in-situ salt flux' assisted copolymerization protocol by using nitrogen-rich and nitrogen-deficient monomers to precisely manipulate the structural defects of poly (triazine imide) (PTI) single crystals.
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