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Combination adjuvant improves influenza virus immunity by downregulation of immune homeostasis genes in lymphocytes.
Immunohorizons
January 2025
Vaccine Research & Development Center, Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States.
Adjuvants play a central role in enhancing the immunogenicity of otherwise poorly immunogenic vaccine antigens. Combining adjuvants has the potential to enhance vaccine immunogenicity compared with single adjuvants, although the cellular and molecular mechanisms of combination adjuvants are not well understood. Using the influenza virus hemagglutinin H5 antigen, we define the immunological landscape of combining CpG and MPLA (TLR-9 and TLR-4 agonists, respectively) with a squalene nanoemulsion (AddaVax) using immunologic and transcriptomic profiling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChallenges in diagnosing polyethylene glycol and polysorbate 80 allergies: implications for allergic reactions in COVID-19 mRNA vaccination program: experience from Qatar.
Front Allergy
January 2025
Allergy and Immunology Division, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Introduction: COVID-19 vaccination has been a key intervention in reducing the severity of symptoms; however, concerns about vaccine safety, particularly regarding allergic reactions, arose early on. Healthcare workers faced the challenge of addressing these concerns to ensure safe vaccine administration. This study aimed to review the practical aspects of using allergy skin testing for COVID-19 vaccine excipients in patients with a history of allergic reactions developed following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExcipient induced allergies in oral medications: unravelling the covert threat - a systematic review.
Intern Med J
December 2024
Sydney School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Excipients have been identified as 'inert' substances that often enhance the non-pharmacological aspects of a medication. However, recent clinical evidence elucidates their potential in inducing anaphylaxis and indicates that they are often overlooked as potential allergens in routine clinical practice. The aim of the study was to assimilate published evidence on excipient-induced allergies associated with the use of oral medications and to underline their potential as potent allergens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnaphylaxis to cow's milk protein in a probiotic not detected by the electronic medical record.
JPGN Rep
November 2024
Allergy Partners of NJ Ocean New Jersey USA.
A 13-year-old female with a history of congenital left lower leg lymphedema, multiple food allergies, including an immunoglobulin E mediated severe cow's milk allergy, and well-controlled moderate persistent asthma was hospitalized with left lower leg erysipelas and Group A Streptococcus septicemia. While hospitalized, immediately after exposure to cow's milk protein as an inactive ingredient within a probiotic, she developed anaphylaxis with respiratory failure requiring intubation. This is only the third reported case of anaphylaxis due to a probiotic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase Report: Alpha-Gal Diagnosis in an Adolescent With Cystic Fibrosis.
Pediatr Pulmonol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA.
A 17-year-old female with cystic fibrosis was diagnosed with alpha-gal syndrome after 6 months of progressively worsening abdominal pain. Alpha-gal is an acquired allergy to mammalian products that can impact what individuals are able to consume. This syndrome may impact an individual's ability to take medications that are animal derived or contain animal derived excipients.
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