The effect of sacrospinous ligament fixation during vaginal hysterectomy on postoperative de novo stress incontinence occurrence: a prospective study with 2-year follow-up.

Background/aim: To investigate the risk of de novo stress urinary incontinence (SUI) occurrence in women who were treated for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) with sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) in addition to vaginal hysterectomy (VAH) and antero-posterior colporrhaphy (CAP) over a 24-month follow-up period.

Materials And Methods: A prospective randomized study was designed. Women without occult or obvious SUI were randomized into either one of the study groups: Group 1: VAH + CAP, and Group 2: VAH + CAP + SSLF. Postoperatively, the patients were reevaluated for de novo SUI occurrence.

Results: A total of 150 women were analyzed [G1 = VAH + CAP (n: 77) and G2 = VAH + CAP + SSLF (n: 73)]. Mean age, parity, body mass index, menopausal status, and preoperative POP degree, grade 1 and grade 2-3 cystocele and rectocele frequencies were similar between the 2 groups. During follow-up period, de novo SUI developed in 7 patients (9.1%) of Group 1, and in 6 patients (8.2%) of Group 2 (P > 0.05). In Groups 1 and 2, POP recurrence occurred in 5 (6.4%) vs. 1 (1.3%) cases,respectively (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: In patients undergoing surgery for POP, the addition of SSLF did not result in an increased rate of de novo SUI. Careful patient selection, and informing the patients about the risks and benefits of the planned surgical procedure are essential steps in each case of POP.