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Linear and nonlinear record high optical birefringence in anisotropic van der Waals crystals.

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January 2025

Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, Munich, Germany.

Multilayered van der Waals (vdW) materials are semiconductors composed of atomically thin crystal layers, held together by weak vdW forces. They offer unique crystal structures and electronic properties, distinct from conventional semiconductors, making them a promising platform for linear and nonlinear optics. In this context, the large refractive indexes given by highly polarizable transition metals, combined with excitonic resonances and unconventional crystalline structures, provides a toolbox for exploring non-linear physics and strong light-matter interactions with unprecedented opportunities for nanoscale optics.

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Electromagnetic metamaterial agent.

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State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.

Metamaterials have revolutionized wave control; in the last two decades, they evolved from passive devices via programmable devices to sensor-endowed self-adaptive devices realizing a user-specified functionality. Although deep-learning techniques play an increasingly important role in metamaterial inverse design, measurement post-processing and end-to-end optimization, their role is ultimately still limited to approximating specific mathematical relations; the metamaterial is still limited to serving as proxy of a human operator, realizing a predefined functionality. Here, we propose and experimentally prototype a paradigm shift toward a metamaterial agent (coined metaAgent) endowed with reasoning and cognitive capabilities enabling the autonomous planning and successful execution of diverse long-horizon tasks, including electromagnetic (EM) field manipulations and interactions with robots and humans.

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The demand for broadband, room-temperature infrared, and terahertz (THz) detectors is rapidly increasing owing to crucial applications in telecommunications, security screening, nondestructive testing, and medical diagnostics. Current photodetectors face significant challenges, including high intrinsic dark currents and the necessity for cryogenic cooling, which limit their effectiveness in detecting low-energy photons. Here, we introduce a high-performance ultrabroadband photodetector operating at room temperature based on two-dimensional black arsenene (b-As) nanosheets.

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