AI Article Synopsis
- Forty-one sediment samples were analyzed from the mouth of various wadis in northern Saudi Arabia to assess heavy metal contamination in the area.
- Methods used for evaluation included enrichment factor, geoaccumulation index, and multivariate statistical analysis, confirming high levels of certain metals like Cd and Sr due to human activity.
- The study revealed that concentrations of heavy metals increased upwards in the sediment layers, suggesting ongoing pollution from urban and industrial sources.
Article Abstract
Forty-one bottom sediment samples were collected from three cores at the mouth of Wadi Haramel, Wadi Antar, Wadi Dumaygh, north of Al-Wajh, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia, to evaluate the levels of heavy metal contamination, using the enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (Cf), soil pollution index (SPI), and multivariate statistical analysis (hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis). Fe, Al, Pb, Mn, Cu, Ni, Co, Cd, Sr, V, Hg, and Total Organic Matter (TOM%) were quantified by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The vertical distribution of the heavy metals concentrations increased upwards indicating high heavy metals input. The results of enrichment factor and soil pollution index calculations indicate a strong anthropogenic supply of Cd and Sr (SPI = 1.10, 2.70, EF = 18.25, 17.99 respectively) while Cu and Ni show moderate anthropogenic input from urban, industrial activities and some new projects in the northern coast of Saudi Arabia.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.110924 | DOI Listing |
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