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http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/M20-3073 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.
Determining COVID-19 vaccination strategies presents many challenges in light of limited vaccination capacity and the heterogeneity of affected communities. Who should be prioritized for early vaccination when different groups manifest different levels of risks and contact rates? Answering such questions often becomes computationally intractable given that network size can exceed millions. We obtain a framework to compute the optimal vaccination strategy within seconds to minutes from among all strategies, including highly dynamic ones that adjust vaccine allocation as often as required, and even with modest computation resources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
January 2025
Department of Health Economics and Development, Ministry of Health, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
Background: For a long time, the penalty of imprisonment has been studied and criticized as ineffective in achieving the goals of resocialization and rehabilitation of offenders, and studies have associated incarceration with increased prevalence of disease. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization recommended decarceration as a prevention measure. The aim of this review was to analyze the effectiveness of non-exposure to incarceration in preventing COVID-19 and mitigating associated events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrisons have been hotspots for COVID-19 and likely an important driver of racial disparity in disease burden. From the first COVID-19 case detected through March 25, 2022, 66,684 of 196,652 residents of California's state prison system were infected, most of them in two large winter waves of outbreaks that reached all 35 of the state prisons. We used individual-level data on disease timing and nightly room assignments in these prisons to reconstruct locations and pathways of transmission statistically, and from that estimated reproduction numbers, locations of unobserved infection events, and the subsequent magnitude and distribution of long COVID prevalence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNonlinear Dynamics Psychol Life Sci
January 2025
Adelphi University, Garden City, NY.
We model an adaptive agent-based environment using selfish algorithm agents (SA-agents) that make decisions along three choice dimensions as they play the multi-round prisoner's dilemma game. The dynamics that emerge from mutual interactions among the SA-agents exhibit two collective-level properties that mirror living systems, thus making these models suitable for societal/biological simulation. The properties are: emergent intelligence and collective agency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
December 2024
Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
Importance: The number of older adults in long-term correctional facilities (prisons) has increased rapidly in recent years. The cognitive and functional status of this population is not well understood due to limitations in the availability of longitudinal data.
Objective: To comparatively examine the prevalence and disability status of the population of adults 55 years and older in prisons and adults living in community settings for a 14-year period (2008-2022).
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