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The interplay of uncertainty, relevance and learning influences auditory categorization.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Auditory perception requires categorizing sound sequences, such as speech or music, into classes, such as syllables or notes. Auditory categorization depends not only on the acoustic waveform, but also on variability and uncertainty in how the listener perceives the sound - including sensory and stimulus uncertainty, the listener's estimated relevance of the particular sound to the task, and their ability to learn the past statistics of the acoustic environment. Whereas these factors have been studied in isolation, whether and how these factors interact to shape categorization remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep learning based decision-making and outcome prediction for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients with posterior surgery.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China.
With the emergence of numerous classifications, surgical treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) can be guided more effectively. However, surgical decision-making and optimal strategies still lack standardization and personalized customization. Our study aims to devise proper deep learning (DL) models that incorporate key factors influencing surgical outcomes on the coronal plane in AIS patients to facilitate surgical decision-making and predict surgical results for AIS patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring condition in which people accept AI over human judgements on justified defection.
Sci Rep
January 2025
College of Policy Studies, Tsuda University, Tokyo, 151-0051, Japan.
As artificial intelligence (AI) technology is introduced into different areas of society, understanding people's willingness to accept AI decisions emerges as a critical scientific and societal issue. It is an open question whether people can accept the judgement of humans or AI in situations where they are unsure of their judgement, as in the trolley problem. Here, we focus on justified defection (non-cooperation with a bad person) in indirect reciprocity because it has been shown that people avoid judging justified defection as good or bad.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPortuguese consensus on first line treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis with a non-TNF inhibitor therapy - a delphi methodology.
J Dermatolog Treat
December 2025
Dermatology Department, Hospital de S. José, Unidade Local de Saúde São José, Lisboa, Portugal.
Introduction: Psoriasis (PsO) is a common chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated disease. In 2023, a 4.4% prevalence of PsO was reported in Portugal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJigsaw technique: Will it help Gen Z nursing students?
Adv Physiol Educ
January 2025
Department of Physiology, Government medical college and hospital, Sector 32 Chandigarh, India.
This research focuses on Generation Z (Gen Z) students, specifically those in nursing colleges. Gen Z individuals display unique characteristics in terms of thinking, personality, lifestyle, and learning preferences compared to preceding generations, necessitating adaptations in teaching methodologies within nursing schools. This study explores the effectiveness of the Jigsaw Technique (JST) in engaging first-year undergraduate nursing students in learning process.
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