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Background: Alexithymia is a personality trait characterized by difficulties identifying and describing feelings, an externally oriented style of thinking, and a reduced inclination to imagination. Previous research has shown deficits in the recognition of emotional facial expressions in alexithymia and reductions of brain responsivity to emotional stimuli. Using an affective priming paradigm, we investigated automatic perception of facial emotions as a function of alexithymia at the behavioral and neural level. In addition to self-report scales, we applied an interview to assess alexithymic tendencies.
Results: During 3 T fMRI scanning, 49 healthy individuals judged valence of neutral faces preceded by briefly shown happy, angry, fearful, and neutral facial expressions. Alexithymia was assessed using the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire (BVAQ) and the Toronto Structured Interview for Alexithymia (TSIA). As expected, only negative correlations were found between alexithymic features and affective priming. The global level of self-reported alexithymia (as assessed by the TAS-20 and the BVAQ) was found to be related to less affective priming owing to angry faces. At the facet level, difficulties identifying feelings, difficulties analyzing feelings, and impoverished fantasy (as measured by the BVAQ) were correlated with reduced affective priming due to angry faces. Difficulties identifying feelings (BVAQ) correlated also with reduced affective priming due to fearful faces and reduced imagination (TSIA) was related to decreased affective priming due to happy faces. There was only one significant correlation between alexithymia dimensions and automatic brain response to masked facial emotions: TAS-20 alexithymia correlated with heightened brain response to masked happy faces in superior and medial frontal areas.
Conclusions: Our behavioral results provide evidence that alexithymic features are related in particular to less sensitivity for covert facial expressions of anger. The perceptual alterations could reflect impaired automatic recognition or integration of social anger signals into judgemental processes and might contribute to the problems in interpersonal relationships associated with alexithymia. Our findings suggest that self-report measures of alexithymia may have an advantage over interview-based tests as research tools in the field of emotion perception at least in samples of healthy individuals characterized by rather low levels of alexithymia.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12868-020-00572-6 | DOI Listing |
Harm Reduct J
December 2024
School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt, QLD, 4122, Australia.
Preloading of alcohol and/or drugs before an event has been examined in the research literature for the past two decades. Despite the considerable interest and scrutiny on the behaviour, there are limited, if any, attempts to conceptualise a theoretical understanding of why people preload before an event. Here we propose a Theory of Preloading (TOP)-a general cognitive-behavioural motivational model for alcohol and drug preloading.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
Women are disproportionately affected by chronic pain compared to men. While societal and environmental factors contribute to this disparity, sex-based biological differences in the processing of pain are also believed to play significant roles. The central lateral nucleus of the amygdala (CeLC) is a key region for the emotional-affective dimension of pain, and a prime target for exploring sex differences in pain processing since a recent study demonstrated sex differences in CGRP actions in this region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroreport
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.
Music has become an indispensable part of people's lives, frequently encountered in various contexts of daily living. Understanding the emotional significance of music is a crucial foundation for its use. This study employed the cross-modal affective priming paradigm, combined with event-related potential technology to investigate the influence of music elements on the emotional musical meaning from the perspective of interval structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHorm Behav
December 2024
Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230 Querétaro, Mexico; Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230 Querétaro, Mexico.
Kisspeptin (Kp), a potent regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis, was recently shown to be involved in partner preference and sexual receptivity in females. Interestingly, Kp and its receptor (Kiss1r) are expressed in brain regions involved in the reward and motivation of reinforcing behaviors. Therefore, in the present study, we designed 3 experiments to determine the participation of Kp in female sexual behavior and the positive affective (PA) reward state induced by paced mating (PM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
November 2024
Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
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