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Combined Coronary CT-Angiography and TAVI-Planning: A Contrast-Neutral Routine Approach for Ruling-out Significant Coronary Artery Disease. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is commonly found in patients needing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), and assessing CAD before TAVI is recommended, usually through invasive coronary angiography (ICA).
  • In a study of 460 patients (average age 79.6) undergoing pre-TAVI evaluations using coronary CT-angiography (cCTA), it was found that cCTA could rule out significant CAD in about 40.2% of cases without the need for ICA.
  • The results showed high sensitivity for cCTA in identifying CAD, and incorporating cCTA might minimize the use of ICA and the amount of contrast medium used, potentially easing the pre-procedure evaluation for high-risk patients.

Article Abstract

Background: Significant coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common finding in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Assessment of CAD prior to TAVI is recommended by current guidelines and is mainly performed via invasive coronary angiography (ICA). In this study we analyzed the ability of coronary CT-angiography (cCTA) to rule out significant CAD (stenosis ≥ 50%) during routine pre-TAVI evaluation in patients with high pre-test probability for CAD.

Methods: In total, 460 consecutive patients undergoing pre-TAVI CT (mean age 79.6 ± 7.4 years) were included. All patients were examined with a retrospectively ECG-gated CT-scan of the heart, followed by a high-pitch-scan of the vascular access route utilizing a single intravenous bolus of 70 ml iodinated contrast medium. Images were evaluated for image quality, calcifications, and significant CAD; CT-examinations in which CAD could not be ruled out were defined as positive (CAD). Routinely, patients received ICA (388/460; 84.3%; Group A), which was omitted if renal function was impaired and CAD was ruled out on cCTA (Group B). Following TAVI, clinical events were documented during the hospital stay.

Results: cCTA was negative for CAD in 40.2% (188/460). Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV in Group A were 97.8%, 45.2%, 49.6%, and 97.4%, respectively. Median coronary artery calcium score (CAC) was higher in CAD-patients but did not have predictive value for correct classification of patients with cCTA. There were no significant differences in clinical events between Group A and B.

Conclusion: cCTA can be incorporated into pre-TAVI CT-evaluation with no need for additional contrast medium. cCTA may exclude significant CAD in a relatively high percentage of these high-risk patients. Thereby, cCTA may have the potential to reduce the need for ICA and total amount of contrast medium applied, possibly making pre-procedural evaluation for TAVI safer and faster.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7356559PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061623DOI Listing

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