Natural enemy guilds normally forage for prey that is patchily distributed simultaneously. Previous studies have investigated the influence of conspecific interactions and prey distribution on the functional response of natural enemies. However, little is known about how prey distribution and heterospecific interactions between natural enemies could affect their foraging efficiency. We examined the effects of prey distribution (aggregate and uniform) and heterospecific interactions on the functional response of a predator, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and a parasitoid, Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Type II functional responses were observed in all experiments. Functional response curves of single H. axyridis or A. gifuensis were higher in the aggregate treatment than in the uniform treatment when aphid densities were between 40-180 or 70-170, respectively. When comparing between aggregate and uniform treatments with the heterospecific enemy occurrence, no differences were found in the parasitism efficiency of A. gifuensis, while H. axyridis consumed more aphids in the aggregate treatment than in the uniform treatment when aphid densities were between 50-230. The functional response of individual was not affected by under two aphid distributions. However, the functional response of a single and the treatment when concurrently with overlapped in uniform treatment of above approximately 150 aphids. Our results indicate that the predation rate of was affected by aphid distribution, but was not affected by heterospecific interactions. The parasitism rate of was affected by aphid distribution, and by heterospecific interactions in both the aggregate and uniform treatments. Thus, to optimize the management efficiency of M. persicae, the combined use of H. axyridis and A. gifuensis should be considered when M. persicae is nearly uniformly distributed under relatively high density.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7348948 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060325 | DOI Listing |
Mol Carcinog
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Huanggang Central Hospital of Yangtze University, Huanggang, China.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor, with a mean survival of less than 2 years. Unique brain structures and the microenvironment, including blood-brain barriers, put great challenges on clinical drug development. Sophoricoside (Sop), an isoflavone glycoside isolated from seeds of Sophora japonica L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mater Chem B
January 2025
Department of Forensic Science, School for Bio Engineering and Bio Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
The development of pH-directed nanoparticles for tumor targeting represents a significant advancement in cancer biology and therapeutic strategies. These innovative materials have the ability to interact with the unique acidic microenvironment of tumors. They enhance drug delivery, increase therapeutic efficacy, and reduce systemic toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Psychoanal
December 2024
Training and Supervising Analyst, Faculty and former Chair, Student Progression Committee, Psychoanalytic Association of New York (PANY) affiliated with NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Countertransferential and other types of personal responses to candidates are inevitable among psychoanalytic educators, whether they be supervisors, progression advisors, the progression committee as a whole, or course instructors. Nonetheless many educators remain unaware of these phenomena - despite the robust literature on this subject in supervisors - perhaps because we do not like to think of ourselves as having potentially deleterious personal reactions to younger colleagues with whom we have significant and highly valued relationships. This paper emphasizes the role of such phenomena in progression advisors' deliberations about candidates' development, as well as in the committee as a whole - a subject not addressed in the literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGigascience
January 2025
Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany.
Background: In this study, we present an in-depth analysis of the Eurasian minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) genome, highlighting its genetic diversity, structural variations, and evolutionary adaptations. We generated an annotated haplotype-phased, chromosome-level genome assembly (2n = 50) by integrating high-fidelity (HiFi) long reads and chromosome conformation capture data (Hi-C).
Results: We achieved a haploid size of 940 megabase pairs (Mbp) for haplome 1 and 929 Mbp for haplome 2 with high scaffold N50 values of 36.
J Eval Clin Pract
February 2025
Pitești University Centre, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Pitești, Romania.
This article identifies and offers a response to several problems that affect the quality of both clinical education and health care services. These matters are: that in clinical training and practice, health, as lived by patients (persons), is not properly considered, and is equated reductively with treating diseases/disorders; that health is seen through disease, and as restricted to a single model defined by an organism's meeting (or being returned to) biochemical or functional standards; that intellectual assumptions instilled in schools of Medicine and Psychology about realities pertaining to healthcare determine an understanding of chronic illness or life with chronic challenges focused on impairment and suffering, and not on the fuller experience of living with illness, disability or neuropsychological challenges that patients have as persons; that arts-based education reflects the same focus in understanding 'illness', and thus neglects giving attention to the creation of personal health states of those living with challenging or debilitating long-term conditions; that, consequently, the arts are instrumentalized to serve these predefined educational purposes, rather than allowed to inform clinical training through that which is intrinsic or more specific to them. As a way out of these limitations and as an illustration of how things could be done differently, Vincent Van Gogh's paintings of the Sunflowers are used as visual inspiration for how we could change the way we see, and construct new mental representations of 'health', 'chronic illness' or 'chronic challenges', 'patient as person' or even 'person as non-patient', 'the clinician's role' and 'the identity of clinical practice'.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!