Efficacy and safety of three times daily dosing of tacrolimus in pediatric kidney transplantation patients: A single-center comparative study.

Background/aim: Several PK studies have shown that most pediatric patients may require higher doses on a mg/kg basis compared to adults to attain similar therapeutic trough concentrations. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of three times daily to twice a day dosing of tacrolimus in pediatric kidney transplant recipients at a major tertiary care transplant center.

Methods And Materials: Retrospective, single-center, and comparative cohort study. All pediatric kidney transplant recipients received either tacrolimus BID (group 1) or tacrolimus TID (group 2).

Results: A total of 87 patients were included in this study; 48 patients received BID tacrolimus (group 1), and 39 patients received TID tacrolimus (group 2). The percentage of patients who achieved therapeutic trough concentrations in group 2 did not significantly differ from those in group 1 at day 7 (84.62% TID vs 83.33% BID; P = .42). The median time to reach therapeutic trough concentrations was three days in group 1 compared to four days in group 2.

Conclusion: No significant difference was observed between tacrolimus BID and TID dosing in the time to reach therapeutic trough concentration or in the proportion of patients achieving therapeutic trough concentrations at day 7.